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Backward Error Correction

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re-send information. Backward Error Correction is used in situations where some of the transmitted data has been lost or corrupted during transit and the transmitting device must resend the information in order for the receiving device definition of backward error correction to understand the transmission. Backward Error Correction is the opposite of “Forward Error Correction”, in backward error correction dictionary which a transmitting device simply sends redundant information to make up for any potential errors. How Backward Error Correction Works

Meaning Of Backward Error Correction

Backward Error Correction is dependent on a number of protocols and algorithms, such as parity bits, cyclic redundancy checks, and longitudinal redundancy checks, but relies on the same procedure. As usual, a transmitting device will send

Define Backward Error Correction

data to a receiving device. The receiving device will then run checks to ensure that all of the information is present, readable, and makes sense. If the received information does not make sense, is not all there, or cannot be read for any reason, the receiving device will send a request to the transmitting device to resend that data. Applications Backward Error Correction is often used instead of Forward Error Correction because difference between forward and backward error correction it requires less bandwidth. However, because Backward Error Correction requires the receiving device to receive a signal before it requests redundant information, it requires more time than Forward Error Correction and may even use more bandwidth for individual transfers due to constant messaging between the two devices. While Forward Error Correction is usually preferred on systems that are prone to errors, such as long-distance communications systems, Backward Error Correction is ideal for systems that rarely have errors or only handle small amounts of data. Follow Us! Rate this article: ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ Backward Error Correction (BEC), 4.67 / 5 (3 votes) You need to enable JavaScript to vote Mail this article Print this article Last updated 11 March, 2016. Related Posts Mobile Satellite Service Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) is a type of mobile telephone service that depends on portable ... SCPC (Single Channel Per Carrier) SCPC stands for Single Channel Per Carrier. SCPC is a form of satellite transmission where ... Medium Earth Orbit Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) refers to a satellite which orbits the earth at an altitude ... Search for: ReferenceSoftware Tutorials Unit Conversion Practice Tests Web Tools Site Index Audio-Video Databases Electronics File Compression File Conversion Gaming Graphics Hardware Internet IT Management Macintosh Microsoft Windows Mobile Devices Networking Programming Scien

citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) In information theory and coding

Forward Vs Backward Error Control

theory with applications in computer science and telecommunication, error detection and correction hamming distance error correction or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels. Many communication error detection and correction channels are subject to channel noise, and thus errors may be introduced during transmission from the source to a receiver. Error detection techniques allow detecting such errors, while error correction http://www.tech-faq.com/backward-error-correction-bec.html enables reconstruction of the original data in many cases. Contents 1 Definitions 2 History 3 Introduction 4 Implementation 5 Error detection schemes 5.1 Repetition codes 5.2 Parity bits 5.3 Checksums 5.4 Cyclic redundancy checks (CRCs) 5.5 Cryptographic hash functions 5.6 Error-correcting codes 6 Error correction 6.1 Automatic repeat request (ARQ) 6.2 Error-correcting code 6.3 Hybrid schemes 7 Applications 7.1 Internet 7.2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_detection_and_correction Deep-space telecommunications 7.3 Satellite broadcasting (DVB) 7.4 Data storage 7.5 Error-correcting memory 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External links Definitions[edit] The general definitions of the terms are as follows: Error detection is the detection of errors caused by noise or other impairments during transmission from the transmitter to the receiver. Error correction is the detection of errors and reconstruction of the original, error-free data. History[edit] The modern development of error-correcting codes in 1947 is due to Richard W. Hamming.[1] A description of Hamming's code appeared in Claude Shannon's A Mathematical Theory of Communication[2] and was quickly generalized by Marcel J. E. Golay.[3] Introduction[edit] The general idea for achieving error detection and correction is to add some redundancy (i.e., some extra data) to a message, which receivers can use to check consistency of the delivered message, and to recover data determined to be corrupted. Error-detection and correction schemes can be either systematic or non-systematic: In a systematic scheme, the transmitter sends the original data, and attaches a fixed number of check bits (or parity data), w

DCN - Network LAN Technologies DCN - Computer Network Topologies DCN - Computer Network Models DCN - Computer Network Security Physical Layer DCN - Physical Layer Introduction DCN - https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_communication_computer_network/error_detection_and_correction.htm Digital Transmission DCN - Analog Transmission DCN - Transmission media DCN - Wireless Transmission DCN - Multiplexing DCN - Network Switching Data Link Layer DCN - Data Link Layer Introduction DCN - Error detection and Correction DCN - Data Link Control & Protocols Network Layer DCN - Network Layer Introduction DCN - Network Addressing DCN - Routing DCN - Internetworking DCN - Network backward error Layer Protocols Transport Layer DCN - Transport Layer Introduction DCN - Transmission Control Protocol DCN - User Datagram Protocol Application Layer DCN - Application Layer Introduction DCN - Client-Server Model DCN - Application Protocols DCN - Network Services DCN Useful Resources DCN - Quick Guide DCN - Useful Resources DCN - Discussion Selected Reading Developer's Best Practices Questions and Answers Effective Resume Writing HR backward error correction Interview Questions Computer Glossary Who is Who DCN - Error Detection & Correction Advertisements Previous Page Next Page There are many reasons such as noise, cross-talk etc., which may help data to get corrupted during transmission. The upper layers work on some generalized view of network architecture and are not aware of actual hardware data processing.Hence, the upper layers expect error-free transmission between the systems. Most of the applications would not function expectedly if they receive erroneous data. Applications such as voice and video may not be that affected and with some errors they may still function well. Data-link layer uses some error control mechanism to ensure that frames (data bit streams) are transmitted with certain level of accuracy. But to understand how errors is controlled, it is essential to know what types of errors may occur. Types of Errors There may be three types of errors: Single bit error In a frame, there is only one bit, anywhere though, which is corrupt. Multiple bits error Frame is received with more than one bits in corrupted state. Burst error Frame contains more than1 consecutive bits corrupted. Error control mechanism

 

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