Decimal Point Error

are believed to be true by respected scholars who unwittingly promote them as examples of the need to be healthily sceptical of counterknowledge and then, with unintended irony, misplaced decimal point use them as argument winners to refute other fallacious knowledge. The Dysology decimal point values Hypothesis Letting scholars get away with publishing fallacies and myths signals to others the existence of topics where guardians decimal point calculator of good scholarship might be less capable than elsewhere. Such dysology then serves as an allurement to poor scholars to disseminate existing myths and fallacies and to create and publish their one decimal point own in these topic areas, which leads to a downward spiral of diminishing veracity on particular topics. Tuesday, 21 December 2010 Spinach Iron Decimal Point Error Myth Busted The popular 32 year old myth that a misplaced decimal point in the published results of the iron content of spinach by Professor von Wolff, or else von Bunge, in the 19th century influenced scientists

Decimal Point Chart

in the 20th century to fail to check the facts and to simply recommend spinach for its over-inflated iron content is finally busted. Having spent several months of my spare time in 2010 researching turn of the 20th century German biochemistry journals and books on nutrition, I can reveal that several scientists, all working completely independently, came to very similar conclusions. The reason for their exaggerated measurement of the iron content of spinach, and other food, is bad science. They were, amongst several other things, contaminating the spinach in the laboratory with the vessels they used and the charcoal they used to heat it. The bad science mistake was in fact (contrary to the nonsense contained in the myth) spotted by von Bunge in the 19th century and the fact that such errors occurred was disseminated widely by US Professor Sherman in the early 20th century. The Spinach, Popeye, Iron, Decimal Error Story (SPIDES) is a myth that was ironically perpetrated by the famous myth busting nutritionist Professor Arnold E. Bender in his inaugural lecture at Queen Elizabeth College, University of London.Arnold E. Bender. Bender

by David Goldberg, published in the March, 1991 issue of Computing Surveys. Copyright 1991, Association for Computing Machinery, Inc., reprinted by permission. Abstract Floating-point arithmetic is

Decimal Point Multiplication

considered an esoteric subject by many people. This is rather surprising moving the decimal point because floating-point is ubiquitous in computer systems. Almost every language has a floating-point datatype; computers from PCs to decimal point analytics supercomputers have floating-point accelerators; most compilers will be called upon to compile floating-point algorithms from time to time; and virtually every operating system must respond to floating-point exceptions such http://super-myths.blogspot.com/2010/12/spinach-iron-decimal-point-error-myth.html as overflow. This paper presents a tutorial on those aspects of floating-point that have a direct impact on designers of computer systems. It begins with background on floating-point representation and rounding error, continues with a discussion of the IEEE floating-point standard, and concludes with numerous examples of how computer builders can better support floating-point. Categories and Subject Descriptors: (Primary) https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19957-01/806-3568/ncg_goldberg.html C.0 [Computer Systems Organization]: General -- instruction set design; D.3.4 [Programming Languages]: Processors -- compilers, optimization; G.1.0 [Numerical Analysis]: General -- computer arithmetic, error analysis, numerical algorithms (Secondary) D.2.1 [Software Engineering]: Requirements/Specifications -- languages; D.3.4 Programming Languages]: Formal Definitions and Theory -- semantics; D.4.1 Operating Systems]: Process Management -- synchronization. General Terms: Algorithms, Design, Languages Additional Key Words and Phrases: Denormalized number, exception, floating-point, floating-point standard, gradual underflow, guard digit, NaN, overflow, relative error, rounding error, rounding mode, ulp, underflow. Introduction Builders of computer systems often need information about floating-point arithmetic. There are, however, remarkably few sources of detailed information about it. One of the few books on the subject, Floating-Point Computation by Pat Sterbenz, is long out of print. This paper is a tutorial on those aspects of floating-point arithmetic (floating-point hereafter) that have a direct connection to systems building. It consists of three loosely connected parts. The first section, Rounding Error, discusses the implications of using different rounding strategies for the basic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. It also contai

your muscles big: Expert reveals sailor's love of the food was due to a misplaced decimal point The iron content of spinach was miscalculated by a German chemist when http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2354580/Popeyes-legendary-love-spinach-actually-misplaced-decimal-point.html he misplaced a decimal pointWhile there are just 3.5 milligrams of iron in a 100g serving of spinach, the accepted number became 35 milligrams thanks to his mistakeThis caused the popular misconception that spinach is exceptionally high in iron, which makes the body strongerThe connection between the incorrect calculation and popular cartoon character has been made in a book by scientist decimal point Samuel ArbesmanBy Sarah Griffiths Published: 12:28 GMT, 3 July 2013 | Updated: 09:35 GMT, 4 July 2013 e-mail 79 View comments Popeye's love of spinach is born out of one of history's easiest mathematical errors.A mathematician and scientist has revealed that spinach's iron content was miscalculated by a German chemist when he misplaced a decimal point.His mistake gave birth to Popeye's obsession decimal point error with the vegetable, which the cartoon character eats in vast quantities to boost his strength.Popeye's testimony that he is 'strong to the finish, 'cause I eats my spinach' is apparently born from a mistake 50 years before he became popular. Erich von Wolf misplaced a decimal point when recording his research, making the iron content in spinach ten times more generous than in reality. This caused the popular misconception that spinach is exceptionally high in iron, which makes the body stronger...a myth that cartoon character Popeye (pictured) helped to spread Samuel Arbesman talks about how scientific errors can lead to popular myths in his book, 'The Half-life of Facts: Why Everything We Know Has an Expiration Date'.In 1870, German chemist Erich von Wolf was researching the amount of iron in spinach and other green vegetables.When writing up his findings in a new notebook, he misplaced a decimal point, making the iron content in spinach ten times more generous than in reality.While Mr von Wolf actually found out that there are just 3.5 milligrams of iron in a 100g serving of spinach, the accepted n