Forward Error Correction Tcp
J. Crowcroft Cambridge Univ. December 2002 The Use of Forward Error Correction (FEC) in Reliable Multicast Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved. Abstract This memo describes the use of Forward Error Correction (FEC) codes to efficiently provide and/or augment reliability for one-to-many reliable data transport using IP multicast. One of the key properties of FEC codes in this context is the ability to use the same packets containing FEC data to simultaneously repair different packet loss patterns at multiple receivers. Different classes of FEC codes and some of their basic properties are described and terminology relevant to implementing FEC in a reliable multicast protocol is introduced. Examples are provided of possible abstract formats for packets carrying FEC. Luby, et. al. Informational [Page 1] RFC 3453 FEC in Reliable Multicast December 2002 Table of Contents 1. Rationale and Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1. Application of FEC codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. FEC Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1. Simple codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2. Small block FEC codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3. Large block FEC codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.4. Expandable FEC codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.5. Source blocks with variable length source symbols. . . . . 13 3. Security Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4. Intellectual Property Disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5. Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7. Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 8. Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 1. Rationale and Overview There are many ways to provide reliability for transmission protocols. A common method is to use ARQ, automatic request for retransmission. With ARQ, receivers use a back channel to the sender to send requests for retransmission of lost packets. ARQ works well for one-to-one reliable protocols, as evidenced by the pervasive success of TCP/IP. ARQ has also been an effective reliability tool for one-to-many reliability protocols, and in particular for some reliable IP multicast protocols. However, for one-to-very-many reliability protocols,
ChapterMobile Lightweight Wireless Systems Volume 45 of the series Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering pp 68-77TCP-Aware Forward Error Correction for Wireless NetworksDzmitry KliazovichAffiliated withDISI - University of Trento, Magda BendazzoliAffiliated withDISI - University of Trento, Fabrizio GranelliAffiliated withDISI - University of Trento Buy this eBook * Final gross prices may vary according to local VAT. Get Access Abstract This paper studies TCP https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3453 performance improvement in wireless and heterogeneous networks using Forward Error Correction (FEC) technique driven by TCP semantics. In the proposed scheme, called TCP-aware FEC, the amount of redundancy added to a packet at the sender node corresponds to the level of error protection and is computed as a function of TCP congestion window. The http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-16644-0_7 TCP-aware FEC becomes stronger for low congestion window values (experienced after a packet loss is detected), while the amount of added redundancy is reduced for the large window values approaching the capacity of the end-to-end link. The design of TCP-aware FEC adaptability is driven by the mechanics of TCP congestion and flow control mechanisms, and it is based on the notion that link losses become more dangerous when congestion window and sending rate are low. The proposed FEC scheme can be implemented either end-to-end as a part of TCP sender and receiver protocol stacks, or locally, covering the wireless part of the connection only. The performance results obtained through simulations confirm the design assumptions and underline the benefits of the proposed approach with respect to traditional FEC schemes. Keywords Adaptive FEC TCP-awares Page %P Close Plain text Look Inside Chapter Metrics Provided by Bookmetrix Reference tools Export citation EndNote (.ENW) JabRef (.BIB) Mendeley (.BIB) Papers (.RIS) Zotero (.R
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