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you have probably seen some. There are (at least) two distinguishable kinds of errors: syntax errors and exceptions. 8.1. Syntax Errors¶ Syntax python error types errors, also known as parsing errors, are perhaps the most common kind

Python Raise Custom Exception

of complaint you get while you are still learning Python: >>> while True print('Hello world') File "", line 1 syntax for generic except clause in python while True print('Hello world') ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax The parser repeats the offending line and displays a little ‘arrow' pointing at the earliest point in the line where the error

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was detected. The error is caused by (or at least detected at) the token preceding the arrow: in the example, the error is detected at the function print(), since a colon (':') is missing before it. File name and line number are printed so you know where to look in case the input came from a script. 8.2. python exception message Exceptions¶ Even if a statement or expression is syntactically correct, it may cause an error when an attempt is made to execute it. Errors detected during execution are called exceptions and are not unconditionally fatal: you will soon learn how to handle them in Python programs. Most exceptions are not handled by programs, however, and result in error messages as shown here: >>> 10 * (1/0) Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in ZeroDivisionError: division by zero >>> 4 + spam*3 Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in NameError: name 'spam' is not defined >>> '2' + 2 Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in TypeError: Can't convert 'int' object to str implicitly The last line of the error message indicates what happened. Exceptions come in different types, and the type is printed as part of the message: the types in the example are ZeroDivisionError, NameError and TypeError. The string printed as the exception type is the name of the built-in exception that occurred. Th

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Python Exception Stack Trace

company Business Learn more about hiring developers or posting ads with us Stack Overflow Questions Jobs Documentation Tags python print exception Users Badges Ask Question x Dismiss Join the Stack Overflow Community Stack Overflow is a community of 6.2 million programmers, just like you, helping each other. Join them; it only https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/errors.html takes a minute: Sign up Manually raising (throwing) an exception in Python up vote 800 down vote favorite 189 How can I raise an exception in Python so that it can later be caught via an except block? python exception exception-handling share|improve this question edited Feb 3 '15 at 14:37 DavidRR 5,20472747 asked Jan 12 '10 at 21:07 TIMEX 41.2k201525826 add http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2052390/manually-raising-throwing-an-exception-in-python a comment| 3 Answers 3 active oldest votes up vote 787 down vote accepted How do I manually throw/raise an exception in Python? Use the most specific Exception constructor that semantically fits your issue. Be specific in your message, e.g.: raise ValueError('A very specific bad thing happened') Don't do this: Avoid raising a generic Exception, to catch it, you'll have to catch all other more specific exceptions that subclass it. Hiding bugs raise Exception('I know Python!') # don't, if you catch, likely to hide bugs. For example: def demo_bad_catch(): try: raise ValueError('represents a hidden bug, do not catch this') raise Exception('This is the exception you expect to handle') except Exception as error: print('caught this error: ' + repr(error)) >>> demo_bad_catch() caught this error: ValueError('represents a hidden bug, do not catch this',) Won't catch and more specific catches won't catch the general exception: def demo_no_catch(): try: raise Exception('general exceptions not caught by specific handling') except ValueError as e: print('we will not catch e') >>> demo_no_catch() Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in File "", line 3, in demo_no_

here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13957829/how-to-use-raise-keyword-in-python Discuss the workings and policies of this site About Us Learn http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6720119/setting-exit-code-in-python-when-an-exception-is-raised more about Stack Overflow the company Business Learn more about hiring developers or posting ads with us Stack Overflow Questions Jobs Documentation Tags Users Badges Ask Question x Dismiss Join the Stack Overflow Community Stack Overflow is a community of 6.2 million programmers, just like python raise you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up How to use “raise” keyword in Python up vote 92 down vote favorite 10 So I have read the official definition of "raise", but I still don't quite understand what it is doing. In simplest terms, what is "raise"? A small example of it's clause in python use would help too. python keyword raise share|improve this question edited Sep 9 '13 at 15:44 Nakilon 19.7k86288 asked Dec 19 '12 at 17:27 Capurnicus 1,1883810 12 It's known as throw in some other languages. –voithos Dec 19 '12 at 17:29 add a comment| 5 Answers 5 active oldest votes up vote 120 down vote accepted It has 2 purposes. yentup has given the first one. It's used for raising your own errors. if something: raise Exception('My error!') The second is to reraise the current exception in an exception handler, so that it can be handled further up the call stack. try: generate_exception() except SomeException, e: if not can_handle(e): raise handle_exception(e) share|improve this answer edited Jan 9 '15 at 9:06 Phalgun 5971618 answered Dec 19 '12 at 17:32 Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams 447k64800956 12 I typed that in and got "global name 'error' is not defined". To others new to Python, you need "raise Exception('My error!')". You replace "error" with your Exception name. A list of standard exceptions you

here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this site About Us Learn more about Stack Overflow the company Business Learn more about hiring developers or posting ads with us Stack Overflow Questions Jobs Documentation Tags Users Badges Ask Question x Dismiss Join the Stack Overflow Community Stack Overflow is a community of 6.2 million programmers, just like you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up Setting exit code in Python when an exception is raised up vote 14 down vote favorite 3 $ cat e.py raise Exception $ python e.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "e.py", line 1, in raise Exception Exception $ echo $? 1 I would like to change this exit code from 1 to 3 while still dumping the full stack trace. What's the best way to do this? python exception exit-code share|improve this question asked Jul 16 '11 at 20:43 sh-beta 1,44421629 add a comment| 1 Answer 1 active oldest votes up vote 26 down vote accepted Take a look at the traceback module. You could do the following: import sys, traceback try: raise Exception() except: traceback.print_exc() sys.exit(3) This will write traceback to standard error and exit with code 3. share|improve this answer edited Mar 31 at 13:56 answered Jul 16 '11 at 20:52 tomasz 5,8191534 Perfect, thanks! –sh-beta Jul 16 '11 at 21:10 2 But ain't there a way to install such a handler without having to open a try/except clause? I'd prefer to just call something once, maybe by importing a specific module, and then each raising of ExceptionWhichCausesExitCode3() should exit the program with exit code 3. –Alfe May 28 '13 at 8:32 Have a look at is.gd/EFOWlO in which I address that aspect. –Alfe May 28 '13 at 8:50 Did you mean sys.exit()? exit is a helper function meant only for the interactive interpreter. –OozeMeister Mar 31 at 12:43 thanks @OozeMeister, you're right, edited my answer to address this. –tomasz Mar 31 at 14:04 add a comment| Your Answer draft saved draft discarded Sign up or log in Sign up using Google Sign up using Facebook Sign up using Email and Password Post as a guest Name Email Post as a guest Name Em

 

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