10 Bit A D Converters The Quantization Error In
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Quantization Error In A/d Converter
comments 10 bit A/D converters, the quantization error is given by (in Percent)-HAL 2011 A) 1 B)
Quantization Error In Pcm
2 C) 0.1 D) 0.2 Note: Post your answers with Option name and reason of your answer so that others can able to understand and if you want
Analog To Digital Converter
to receive answers from other candidates click notify me below the comment form. View Answers Post your Answer 4 comments: surjeet rawat19 October 2013 at 00:54.1%...............since quantiztion error is given by (1/no of step size).total no of step size -2^n where n is the no of bit...2^10=1024q=(1/1024)ie .1%ReplyDeleteRepliesAatef7 November 2013 at 15:47As per my knowledge Quantization types of adc error is given as + - (Step Size)/2Step size= Vpp/2^10 = Vpp/1024Qe=Vpp/2048Percentage Qe= 1/2048 ~ 0.05%Where I am making mistake?DeleteHema Trinath9 October 2015 at 18:42Step Size is Vmax-Vmin i.e., 2v i.e,2v/2048DeleteReplyFaiyaz Alam4 November 2013 at 14:49i m agree with above answer.ReplyDeleteAdd commentLoad more... Newer Post Older Post Home Search advertisements Google+ Followers Email Newsletter Subscribe to our newsletter to get the latest updates to your inbox. ;-) Your email address is safe with us! Categories books (12) careers (71) diplomaece (51) ece jobs (446) experienced (48) facultyjobs (9) gate (25) gate 2017 (2) internships (21) jobs (590) M.tech jobs (20) m.tech-admissions (10) placement papers (5) syllabus (28) teachingjobs (5) walkins (28) Top Posts Top ECE high paying core related private companies careers in India I already posted top government core companies in my previous posts,Now i am giving some top private sector companies related to ECE co... NIELIT scientist recruitment for ECE freshers National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology (NIELIT),Delhi invites applications for 60 Scientist B? (
In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, A–D, or A-to-D) is a system that converts an analog signal into a digital signal. A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) performs the reverse function. An ADC may also provide an isolated measurement such as an electronic device that converts an quantization error definition input analog voltage or current to a digital number proportional to the magnitude of the quantization error ppt voltage or current. Typically the digital output will be a two's complement binary number that is proportional to the input, but there adc resolution are other possibilities. There are several ADC architectures. Due to the complexity and the need for precisely matched components, all but the most specialized ADCs are implemented as integrated circuits (ICs). Contents 1 Explanation 1.1 Resolution 1.1.1 http://www.eceway.com/2013/10/10-bit-ad-converters-quantization-error.html Quantization error 1.1.2 Dither 1.2 Accuracy 1.2.1 Non-linearity 1.3 Jitter 1.4 Sampling rate 1.4.1 Aliasing 1.4.2 Oversampling 1.5 Relative speed and precision 1.6 The sliding scale principle 2 ADC types 3 Commercial 4 Applications 4.1 Music recording 4.2 Digital signal processing 4.3 Scientific instruments 4.4 Rotary encoder 5 Electrical symbol 6 Testing 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External links Explanation[edit] The conversion involves quantization of the input, so https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog-to-digital_converter it necessarily introduces a small amount of error. Furthermore, instead of continuously performing the conversion, an ADC does the conversion periodically, sampling the input. The result is a sequence of digital values that have been converted from a continuous-time and continuous-amplitude analog signal to a discrete-time and discrete-amplitude digital signal. An ADC is defined by its bandwidth and its signal-to-noise ratio. The bandwidth of an ADC is characterized primarily by its sampling rate. The dynamic range of an ADC is influenced by many factors, including the resolution, linearity and accuracy (how well the quantization levels match the true analog signal), aliasing and jitter. The dynamic range of an ADC is often summarized in terms of its effective number of bits (ENOB), the number of bits of each measure it returns that are on average not noise. An ideal ADC has an ENOB equal to its resolution. ADCs are chosen to match the bandwidth and required signal-to-noise ratio of the signal to be quantized. If an ADC operates at a sampling rate greater than twice the bandwidth of the signal, then perfect reconstruction is possible given an ideal ADC and neglecting quantization error. The presence of quantization error limits the dynamic range of even an ideal ADC. However, if the dynamic range of the ADC exceeds that of the input sign
changing over time. There are three samples shown on the figure. The process of sampling the data is not instantaneous, so each sample has a start and stop time. http://engineeronadisk.com/V2/book_PLC/engineeronadisk-156.html The time required to acquire the sample is called the sampling time. A/D converters can only acquire a limited number of samples per second. The time between samples is called the sampling period T, and the inverse of the sampling period is the sampling frequency (also called sampling rate). The sampling time is often much smaller than the sampling period. The sampling frequency is specified when buying hardware, but for quantization error a PLC a maximum sampling rate might be 20Hz. Figure 21.2 Sampling an Analog Voltage A more realistic drawing of sampled data is shown in Figure 21.3 Parameters for an A/D Conversion. This data is noisier, and even between the start and end of the data sample there is a significant change in the voltage value. The data value sampled will be somewhere between the voltage at the start and quantization error in end of the sample. The maximum (Vmax) and minimum (Vmin) voltages are a function of the control hardware. These are often specified when purchasing hardware, but reasonable ranges are; 0V to 5V 0V to 10V -5V to 5V -10V to 10V The number of bits of the A/D converter is the number of bits in the result word. If the A/D converter is 8 bit then the result can read up to 256 different voltage levels. Most A/D converters have 12 bits, 16 bit converters are used for precision measurements. Figure 21.3 Parameters for an A/D Conversion The parameters defined in Figure 21.3 Parameters for an A/D Conversion can be used to calculate values for A/D converters. These equations are summarized in Figure 21.4 A/D Converter Equations. Equation 1 relates the number of bits of an A/D converter to the resolution. In a normal A/D converter the minimum range value, Rmin, is zero, however some devices will provide 2's compliment negative numbers for negative voltages. Equation 2 gives the error that can be expected with an A/D converter given the range between the minimum and maximum voltages, and the resolution (this is commonly called the quantization error). Equation 3 relates the voltage range and resolution to the voltag
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