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this page: What Is a Refractive Error? Symptoms Causes Risk Factors Tests and Diagnosis Treatment and Drugs Clinic Information What Is refractive error measurement a Refractive Error? Refractive error means that the shape of your eye does not bend light correctly, resulting in a blurred image. The main types of refractive errors are myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), presbyopia https://nei.nih.gov/health/errors/presbyopia (loss of near vision with age), and astigmatism. Symptoms Blurred vision Difficulty reading or seeing up close Crossing of the eyes in children (esotropia) Causes Overuse of the eyes does not cause or worsen refractive error. The causes of the main types of refractive error are described below: Myopia(close objects are clear, and distant objects are blurry) Also known as nearsightedness, myopia is usually inherited and often discovered http://kellogg.umich.edu/patientcare/conditions/refractive.errors.html in childhood. Myopia often progresses throughout the teenage years when the body is growing rapidly. Watch a video explaining myopia. Hyperopia (close objects are more blurry than distant objects) Also known as farsightedness, hyperopia can also be inherited. Children often have hyperopia, which may lessen in adulthood. In mild hyperopia, distance vision is clear while near vision is blurry. In more advanced hyperopia, vision can be blurred at all distances. Watch a video explaining hyperopia. Presbyopia (aging of the lens in the eye) After age 40, the lens of the eye becomes more rigid and does not flex as easily. As a result, the eye loses its focusing ability and it becomes more difficult to read at close range. This normal aging process of the lens can also be combined with myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism. Watch a video explaining presbyopia. Astigmatism Astigmatism usually occurs when the front surface of the eye, the cornea, has an asymmetric curvature. Normally the cornea is smooth and equally curved in all directions, and light entering the cornea is focused equally on all planes, or in all directions. In astigmatism, the front surface of the cornea is curved more in one direction than in another. This a
van GoogleInloggenVerborgen veldenBoekenbooks.google.nl - For over 25 years, The Retinoscopy Book: An Introductory Manual for Eye Care Professionals has been the only basic instruction manual designed specifically to https://books.google.com/books?id=6I6JeDWonhQC&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=cha+refractive+error&source=bl&ots=ow0bRq0sAW&sig=5fDMhkjJZiI5SKaOWYitU7Nhe3o&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE_piMz7nPAhWk3oMKHXAaBDsQ6AEITjAH teach the art of clinical retinoscopy. This best-selling classic has been updated and revised to include the latest changes involving the retinoscope,...https://books.google.nl/books/about/The_Retinoscopy_Book.html?hl=nl&id=6I6JeDWonhQC&utm_source=gb-gplus-shareThe Retinoscopy BookMijn bibliotheekHelpGeavanceerd zoeken naar boekenGedrukt boek aanschaffenGeen eBoek beschikbaarSLACK IncorporatedBol.comProxis.nlselexyz.nlVan StockumZoeken in een bibliotheekAlle verkopers»Boeken kopen Google PlayBrowse door 's werelds grootste eBoekenwinkel en begin vandaag nog met lezen op refractive error internet, je tablet, telefoon of eReader.Ga nu naar Google Play »The Retinoscopy Book: An Introductory Manual for Eye Care ProfessionalsJohn M. CorboySLACK Incorporated, 2003 - 141 pagina's 3 Recensieshttps://books.google.nl/books/about/The_Retinoscopy_Book.html?hl=nl&id=6I6JeDWonhQCFor over 25 years, The Retinoscopy Book: An Introductory Manual for Eye Care Professionals has been the only basic instruction manual designed specifically to teach the cha refractive error art of clinical retinoscopy. This best-selling classic has been updated and revised to include the latest changes involving the retinoscope, and to meet the developing needs of students in ophthalmology and optometry. Sections on minus cylinders, concave mirror retinoscopy for high refractive errors, and a catalog of instruments have been expanded to reflect the most recent innovations. New sections on retinoscopy after refractive surgery and instrument maintenance are unique to this fifth edition. This text is designed to supplement the Joint Commission on Allied Health Personnel in Ophthalmology (JCAHPO) instruction courses for technicians or to facilitate a do-it-yourself training program for ophthalmology residents, ophthalmic technicians, optometry students, and other eye care professionals in training. Figures and illustrations supplement time-tested exercises to facilitate learning. The user-friendly format prevalent throughout the text enables students to develop a complete understanding of the retinoscope and its many uses. Voorbeeld weergeven » Wat mensen zeggen-Een recensie schrijvenWe hebben geen recensies gevonden op de gebruikelijke plaatsen.Gesele