An Error Occurred During The Generation Of Symmetric Key
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in the proper format from a Certificate Authority ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★ SQL Server Premier Field EngineeringFebruary 4, sql server restore encrypted database to another server 20146 0 0 0 I recently worked with a customer who sql server restore master key was attempting to deploy Transparent Database Encryption using a trusted certificate which was generated by a certificate sql server restore encrypted backup authority (CA). They were unable to import the certificate using the CREATE CERTIFICATE command as it kept failing with a 15468 error. This blog post attempts to
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explain this error and demonstrates a solution to the problem. The process of creating a trusted certificate involves using a cryptographic tool to generate a private key which is then submitted to a certificate authority (CA), which will in turn generate a certificate. Microsoft offers a MAKECERT utility that is useful for testing but not recommended an error occurred while decrypting master key that was encrypted by the old master key for production environments. Other cryptographic tools like the open source OPENSSL are useful for generating private keys that adhere to the strict x.509 cryptography formats. As a general best practice using EKM is preferable to generating the keys manually as it makes a distinct separation between the key and the database being protected by making the key inaccessible by the SQL Server engine. SQL Server is capable of using certificates which incorporate the .DER (Distinguished Encoding Rules) file format. These files are binary encoded certificates which can typically have a CER or CRT extension. While Certificate Authorities and cryptography tools like OpenSSL can encode in .DER file format, they can also encode certificates using .PEM or Privacy Enhanced Electronic Mail which uses Base64 formatting. Unfortunately the Base64 format is not compatible with SQL Server. Some Certificate authorities store both the public and private keys in a personal exchange format or PFX format. SQL Server won’t be able to import these PFX files directly since the CREAT
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us Stack Overflow Questions Jobs Documentation Tags Users Badges Ask Question x Dismiss Join the Stack Overflow Community Stack Overflow is a community of 4.7 million programmers, just https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/sql_pfe_blog/2014/02/04/generating-a-trusted-tde-certificate-in-the-proper-format-from-a-certificate-authority/ like you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up SQL Server: An error occurred during the generation of the asymmetric key up vote 1 down vote favorite CREATE ASYMMETRIC KEY asymmetrickey FROM EXECUTABLE FILE = 'c:\windows\microsoft.net\framework\v2.0.50727\system.windows.forms.dll' Why can't I use the above to generate an asymmetric key from framework libraries (for installing http://stackoverflow.com/questions/829037/sql-server-an-error-occurred-during-the-generation-of-the-asymmetric-key in SQL server as references for CLR functions). It gives an error: "An error occurred during the generation of the asymmetric key." Without an asymmetric key the database needs to be set to trustworthy to add the assembly to the SQL Server (2005). I realise the framework libraries are not intended for use from SQL Server, but am curious as to why this doesn't work. sql-server-2005 clr sqlclr signing share|improve this question edited Nov 20 '11 at 21:32 Alex 1,26631526 asked May 6 '09 at 10:44 Simon D 2,00842636 add a comment| 1 Answer 1 active oldest votes up vote 0 down vote accepted System.Windows.Forms is not allowed inside CLR functions. http://blogs.msdn.com/tims/archive/2004/05/27/142798.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms403279.aspx share|improve this answer answered Oct 22 '09 at 7:46 user114600 1 From your second link - "Unsupported libraries can still be called from your managed stored procedures, triggers, user-defined functions, user-defined types, and user-defined aggregates.". The question was specifically why you can't generate an asymmetric key - System.Windows.Forms can be used inside C
SERVER - Introduction to SQL Server Encryption and Symmetric Key Encryption Tutorial with Script April 28, 2009Pinal DaveSQL, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks133 commentsSQL Server 2005 and SQL Server 2008 provide encryption as a new feature to http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2009/04/28/sql-server-introduction-to-sql-server-encryption-and-symmetric-key-encryption-tutorial-with-script/ protect data against hackers’ attacks. Hackers might be able to penetrate the https://mattsql.wordpress.com/2012/11/13/migrating-sql-server-databases-that-use-database-master-keys/ database or tables, but owing to encryption they would not be able to understand the data or make use of it. Nowadays, it has become imperative to encrypt crucial security-related data while storing in the database as well as during transmission across a network between the client and the server.Encryption sql server hierarchy is marked by three-level security. These three levels provide different mechanisms for securing data across networks and local servers. Different levels of hierarchies allow multiple instances of services (e.g., SQL Server Services) to run on one physical server.Windows Level - Highest Level - Uses Windows DP API for encryptionSQL Server Level - Moderate Level - Uses Services Master Key for encryptionDatabase Level sql server restore - Lower Level - Uses Database Master Key for encryptionThere are two kinds of keys used in encryption:Symmetric Key - In Symmetric cryptography system, the sender and the receiver of a message share a single, common key that is used to encrypt and decrypt the message. This is relatively easy to implement, and both the sender and the receiver can encrypt or decrypt the messages.Asymmetric Key - Asymmetric cryptography, also known as Public-key cryptography, is a system in which the sender and the receiver of a message have a pair of cryptographic keys - a public key and a private key - to encrypt and decrypt the message. This is a relatively complex system where the sender can use his key to encrypt the message but he cannot decrypt it. The receiver, on the other hand, can use his key to decrypt the message but he cannot encrypt it. This intricacy has turned it into a resource-intensive process.Yet another way to encrypt data is through certificates. A public key certificate is a digitally signed statement that binds the value of a public key to the id
MasterKeys Posted on November 13, 2012 by matt.bowler There's a lot of things to consider when migrating databases between SQL Server instances. I want to provide some tips for dealing with Database Master Keys, and in particular the case when those keys are encrypted by the Service Master Key. Before getting into the details, let's take a quick overview of Service Master Keys, Database Master Keys and how they interact. Service Master Key: At the top of the key hierarchy is the Service Master Key. There is one per SQL Server instance, it is a symmetric key, and it is stored in the master database. Used to encrypt Database Master Keys, Linked Server passwords and Credentials it is generated at first SQL Server startup. There are no user configurable passwords associated with this key - it is encrypted by the SQL Server service account and the local machine key. On startup SQL Server can open the Service Master Key with either of these decryptions. If one of them fails - SQL Server will use the other one and ‘fix' the failed decryption (if both fail - SQL Server will error). This is to account for situations like clusters where the local machine key will be different after a failover. This is also one reason why service accounts should be changed using SQL Server Configuration Manager - because then the Service Master Key encryption is regenerated correctly. Service Master Keys can be manually regenerated using this statement: alter service master key regenerate This will decrypt and re-encrypt all secrets encrypted with the key. The Service Master Key is backed up with the master database, but can be backed up and restored independently: backup service master key to file = N'