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Overflow is a community of 4.7 million programmers, just like you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up How does a “stack overflow” occur and how do you prevent
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it? up vote 26 down vote favorite 10 How does a stack overflow occur and what are the best ways to make sure it doesn't happen, or ways to prevent one, particularly on web servers, but other examples would be interesting as well? memory stack-overflow share|improve this question edited Jul 29 at 17:46 Kapol 4,2592727 asked Aug 25 '08 at 14:49 JasonMichael 88231621 add a comment| 9 Answers stack overflow javascript error 9 active oldest votes up vote 42 down vote accepted Stack A stack, in this context, is the last in, first out buffer you place data while your program runs. Last in, first out (LIFO) means that the last thing you put in is always the first thing you get back out - if you push 2 items on the stack, 'A' and then 'B', then the first thing you pop off the stack will be 'B', and the next thing is 'A'. When you call a function in your code, the next instruction after the function call is stored on the stack, and any storage space that might be overwritten by the function call. The function you call might use up more stack for its own local variables. When it's done, it frees up the local variable stack space it used, then returns to the previous function. Stack overflow A stack overflow is when you've used up more memory for the stack than your program was supposed to use. In embedded systems you might only have 256 bytes for the stack, and if each function takes up 32 bytes then you can only have function calls 8 deep - function 1 calls function
here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this site About Us Learn more about Stack Overflow the company Business Learn more about hiring developers or posting stack overflow line error ads with us Stack Overflow Questions Jobs Documentation Tags Users Badges Ask Question x Dismiss Join stack overflow line 0 error the Stack Overflow Community Stack Overflow is a community of 4.7 million programmers, just like you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a stack overflow error java minute: Sign up What is a StackOverflowError? up vote 220 down vote favorite 73 What is a StackOverflowError, what causes it, and how should I deal with them? java exception-handling stack-overflow share|improve this question edited Jun 19 '15 at 4:55 asked http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26158/how-does-a-stack-overflow-occur-and-how-do-you-prevent-it Oct 18 '08 at 8:13 Ziggy 7,369165374 add a comment| 11 Answers 11 active oldest votes up vote 229 down vote accepted Parameters and local variables are allocated on the stack (with reference types the object lives on the heap and a variable references that object). The stack typically lives at the upper end of your address space and as it is used up it heads towards the bottom of the address space (i.e. towards zero). Your process also has a heap, http://stackoverflow.com/questions/214741/what-is-a-stackoverflowerror which lives at the bottom end of your process. As you allocate memory this heap can grow towards the upper end of your address space. As you can see, there is the potential for the heap to "collide" with the stack (a bit like tectonic plates!!!). The common cause for a stack overflow is a bad recursive call. Typically this is caused when your recursive functions doesn't have the correct termination condition, so it ends up calling itself forever. However, with GUI programming it's possible to generate indirect recursion. For example, your app may be handling paint messages and whilst processing them it may call a function that causes the system to send another paint message. Here you've not explicitly called yourself, but the OS/VM has done it for you. To deal with them you'll need to examine your code. If you've got functions that call themselves then check that you've got a terminating condition. If you have then check than when calling the function you have at least modified one of the arguments, otherwise there'll be no visible change for the recursively called function and the terminating condition is useless. If you've got no obvious recursive functions then check to see if you're calling any library functions that indirectly will cause your function to be called (like the implicit case above). share|improve this answer edited Jul 22 '14 at 3:05 CandiedOrange 3,5261037 answered Oct 18 '08 at 8:34 Sean 34.7k952101 1 Original
may consist of a limited amount of address space, often determined at the start of the program. The size of the call https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_overflow stack depends on many factors, including the programming language, machine architecture, multi-threading, and amount of available memory. When a program attempts to use more space than is available on the call stack (that is, when it attempts to access memory beyond the call stack's bounds, which is essentially a buffer overflow), the stack is said to overflow, typically stack overflow resulting in a program crash.[1] Contents 1 Infinite recursion 2 Very deep recursion 3 Very large stack variables 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Infinite recursion[edit] Main article: Infinite recursion The most common cause of stack overflow is excessively deep or infinite recursion, in which a function calls itself so many times that the space stack overflow error needed to store the variables and information associated with each call is more than can fit on the stack.[2] An example of infinite recursion in C. int foo() { return foo(); } The function foo, when it is invoked, continues to invoke itself, allocating additional space on the stack each time, until the stack overflows resulting in a segmentation fault.[2] However, some compilers implement tail-call optimization, allowing infinite recursion of a specific sort—tail recursion—to occur without stack overflow. This works because tail-recursion calls do not take up additional stack space.[3] C compiler options will effectively enable tail-call optimization; compiling the above simple program using gcc with -O1 will result in a segmentation fault, but not when using -O2 or -O3, since these optimization levels imply the -foptimize-sibling-calls compiler option. Other languages, such as Scheme, require all implementations to include tail-recursion as part of the language standard.[4] Very deep recursion[edit] A recursive function that terminates in theory but causes a call stack buffer overflow in practice can be fixed by transforming t