Error Handling In Stored Procedures Sql Server 2005
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Tutorials MSDN Communities Hub Official Docs Security Stump the SQL Guru! XML Info Information: Feedback Author an Article Published: Wednesday, April 19, 2006 TRY...CATCH in SQL Server 2005An Easier Approach to Rolling Back Transactions in oracle stored procedure error handling the Face of an Error By Scott Mitchell Introduction SQL Server 2005 offers sql stored procedure try catch a number of new features over its predecessor, including many features aimed at making working with databases more like writing .NET sql server 2005 sp application code. For example, in SQL Server 2005, stored procedures, triggers, UDFs, and so on can be written using any .NET Framework programming language (such as Visual Basic or C#). Another feature, and the http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/38650/Overview-of-Error-Handling-in-SQL-Server focus of this article, is SQL Server 2005's support for TRY...CATCH blocks. TRY...CATCH blocks are the standard approach to exception handling in modern programming languages, and involve: A TRY Block - the TRY block contains the instructions that might cause an exception A CATCH Block - if an exception occurs from one of the statements in the TRY block, control is branched to the CATCH block, where the http://www.4guysfromrolla.com/webtech/041906-1.shtml exception can be handled, logged, and so on. See the Wikipedia Exception Handling entry for more information on the TRY...CATCH construct as well as exception handling concepts in general. Prior to SQL Server 2005, detecting errors resulting from T-SQL statements could only be handled by checking a global error variable, @@ERROR. Because the @@ERROR variable value is reset after each SQL statement, this antiquated approach leads to rather bloated stored procedures, as the variable must be checked after each statement with code to handle any problems. The TRY...CATCH block in SQL Server 2005 offers a much more readable syntax and one that developers are more familiar with. In this article we'll look at the new TRY...CATCH block and examine how it can be used to rollback a transaction in the face of an error. Read on to learn more! -continued- Checking @@ERROR - the Old Way of Handling Errors in T-SQL SQL Server provides an @@ERROR variable that indicates the status of the last completed SQL statement in a given batch. If a SQL statement is completed successfully, @@ERROR is assigned 0. If, however, an error occurs, @@ERROR is set to the number of the error message. To see how the @@ERR
This part is also available in a Spanish translation by Geovanny Hernandez. Introduction This article is the first in a series of three about error and transaction handling in SQL Server. The aim of this first article is to http://www.sommarskog.se/error_handling/Part1.html give you a jumpstart with error handling by showing you a basic pattern which is good for the main bulk of your code. This part is written with the innocent and inexperienced reader in mind, why I am intentionally silent on many details. The purpose here is to tell you how without dwelling much on why. If you take my words for your truth, you may prefer to only read this part and save the other two for stored procedure a later point in your career. On the other hand, if you question my guidelines, you certainly need to read the other two parts, where I go into much deeper detail exploring the very confusing world of error and transaction handling in SQL Server. Parts Two and Three, as well as the three appendixes, are directed towards readers with a more general programming experience, although necessarily not with SQL Server. This first article is short; Parts Two handling in stored and Three are considerably longer. Table of Contents Introduction Index of All Error-Handling Articles Why Error Handling? Essential Commands TRY-CATCH SET XACT_ABORT ON General Pattern for Error Handling Three Ways to Reraise the Error Using error_handler_sp Using ;THROW Using SqlEventLog Final Remarks End of Part One Revision History Index of All Error-Handling Articles Here follows a list of all articles in this series: Part One - Jumpstart Error Handling (this article). Part Two - Commands and Mechanisms. Part Three - Implementation. Appendix 1 - Linked Servers. (Extends Part Two.) Appendix 2 - CLR. (Extends both Parts Two and Three.) Appendix 3 - Service Broker. (Extends Part Three.) All the articles above are for SQL2005 and later. For those who still are on SQL2000, there are two older articles: Error Handling in SQL Server 2000 – a Background. Implementing Error Handling with Stored Procedures in SQL2000. Why Error Handling? Why do we have error handling in our code? There are many reasons. In a forms application we validate the user input and inform the users of their mistakes. These user mistakes are anticipated errors. But we also need to handle unanticipated errors. That is, errors that occur because we overlooked something when we wrote our code. A simple strategy is to abort execution or at least revert to a point where we know that we have full control. It cannot be enou