Changing Error Log Rotations
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Apache Rotate Error Log
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Apache Custom Log Format
To Configure Logging and Log Rotation in Nginx on an Ubuntu VPS Posted Aug 20, 2013 200k views Logging Linux Basics Nginx Server Optimization Ubuntu Logging in Nginx One of the easiest
Apache Log Rotation
ways to save yourself trouble with your web server is to configure appropriate logging today. Logging information on your server gives you access to the data that will help you troubleshoot and assess situations as they arise. In this article, we will examine Nginx's logging capabilities and discover how to configure these tools to best serve your needs. In this guide, we will be using apache access log location an Ubuntu 12.04 VPS as an example, but any modern distribution should function in a similar way. The Error_log Directive Nginx uses a few different directives to control system logging. The one included in the core module is called "error_log". Error_log Syntax The "error_log" directive is used to handle logging general error messages. If you are coming from Apache, this is very similar to Apache's "ErrorLog" directive. The error_log directive takes the following syntax: error_log log_file [ log_level ] The "log_file" in the example specifies the file where the logs will be written. The "log_level" specifies the lowest level of logging that you would like to record. Logging Levels The error_log directive can be configured to log more or less information as required. The level of logging can be any one of the following: emerg: Emergency situations where the system is in an unusable state. alert: Severe situation where action is needed promptly. crit: Important problems that need to be addressed. error: An Error has occurred. Something was unsuccessful. warn: Something out of the ordinary happened, but not a cause for concern. notice: Something normal, but worth noting has happened. info: An infor
tr rotatelogs is a simple program for use in conjunction with Apache's apache error log format piped logfile feature. It supports rotation based on a time interval apache log level debug or maximum size of the log. Synopsis Options Examples Portability See alsoComments Synopsis rotatelogs [ -l apache log rotation windows ] [ -L linkname ] [ -p program ] [ -f ] [ -t ] [ -v ] [ -e ] [ -c ] [ -n https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-configure-logging-and-log-rotation-in-nginx-on-an-ubuntu-vps number-of-files ] logfile rotationtime|filesize(B|K|M|G) [ offset ] Options -l Causes the use of local time rather than GMT as the base for the interval or for strftime(3) formatting with size-based rotation. -L linkname Causes a hard link to be made from the current logfile to the specified link name. This can be http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/programs/rotatelogs.html used to watch the log continuously across rotations using a command like tail -F linkname. -p program If given, rotatelogs will execute the specified program every time a new log file is opened. The filename of the newly opened file is passed as the first argument to the program. If executing after a rotation, the old log file is passed as the second argument. rotatelogs does not wait for the specified program to terminate before continuing to operate, and will not log any error code returned on termination. The spawned program uses the same stdin, stdout, and stderr as rotatelogs itself, and also inherits the environment. -f Causes the logfile to be opened immediately, as soon as rotatelogs starts, instead of waiting for the first logfile entry to be read (for non-busy sites, there may be a substantial delay between when the server is started and when the first request is handled, meaning that the associ
ease administration of systems that generate large numbers of log files. It allows automatic rotation, compression, removal, and mailing of log files. Each log file may be handled daily, weekly, monthly, or when it grows too large. Normally, logrotate is run as a daily cron job. It will not http://www.linuxcommand.org/man_pages/logrotate8.html modify a log multiple times in one day unless the criterium for that log is http://www.electrictoolbox.com/changing-apache-log-rotation-behaviour/ based on the log’s size and logrotate is being run multiple times each day, or unless the -f or -force option is used. Any number of config files may be given on the command line. Later con- fig files may override the options given in earlier files, so the order in which the logrotate config files are listed in is important. error log Nor- mally, a single config file which includes any other config files which are needed should be used. See below for more information on how to use the include directive to accomplish this. If a directory is given on the command line, every file in that directory is used as a config file. If no command line arguments are given, logrotate will print version and copyright information, along with a short usage summary. If any rotate error log errors occur while rotating logs, logrotate will exit with non-zero status. OPTIONS -v Turn on verbose mode. -d Turns on debug mode and implies -v. In debug mode, no changes will be made to the logs or to the logrotate state file. -f, --force Tells logrotate to force the rotation, even if it doesn’t think this is necessary. Sometimes this is useful after adding new entries to logrotate, or if old log files have been removed by hand, as the new files will be created, and logging will con- tinue correctly. -m, --mail
file each day and then reload the httpd service. This post looks at how to prevent this action from occuring automatically, or to change the behaviour to rotate the log files if your naming convention for log files is different from the default. The cron daemon on a CentOS or Red Hat Enterprise Linux server by default runs the scripts in the directory /etc/cron.daily on a daily basis. This includes running the "logrotate" script which runs /usr/sbin/logrotate passing it the /etc/logrotate.conf configuration file. The default version of this logrotate.conf file is as follows: # see "man logrotate" for details# rotate log files weeklyweekly # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogsrotate4 # create new (empty) log files after rotating old onescreate # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed#compress # RPM packages drop log rotation information into this directoryinclude /etc/logrotate.d # no packages own wtmp -- we'll rotate them here/var/log/wtmp { monthly minsize 1M create 0664 root utmp rotate 1} # system-specific logs may be also be configured here. These default variables are fairly straight forward and give you control over how frequently the log files are rotated, how manylots of previous log files to keep before deleting them, whether or not to compress them and so on. It also tells logrotate to process all the files in the directory /etc/logrotate.d The file which controls log rotation of Apache on CentOS and Red Hat Enterprise Linux is named /etc/logrotate.d/httpd, and the default contents of this file are as follows: /var/log/httpd/*log { missingok notifempty sharedscripts postrotate /sbin/service httpd reload > /dev/null 2>/dev/null || true endscript} What this file is saying, is to rotate all files that match the pattern /var/log/httpd/*.log. The default access and error log files in Apache on Cen