Quantization Error In Audio
Contents |
Interfaces/FX iOS Microphones iOS Live Sound Mixers iOS Keyboard Controllers iOS DJ Mixers/Controllers iOS Docks iOS Cases & Covers iOS Stands &
Quantization Error Formula
Holders iOS Accessories Bluetooth & Wireless Speakers iOS/iPad Deals News/Research New quantization error in pcm Arrivals Shop By Brand Recording Recording Pro Tools Recorders Microphones & Wireless Headphones Studio Monitors Studio
How To Reduce Quantization Error
Mixers Preamps & Channel Strips Signal Processing 500 Series Processors Studio Furniture Acoustic Treatment Video Recorders Players Recording Deals News/Research New Arrivals Shop By Brand Computer Audio Computer quantization error example Audio Pro Tools Software & Plug-ins Audio Interfaces Computers MIDI Interfaces Control Surfaces Hard Drives & Storage Computer Accessories iPads & Accessories Bluetooth & Wireless Speakers Computer Deals News/Research New Arrivals Shop By Brand Guitar Guitar Electric Guitars Acoustic Guitars Guitar Amps Guitar Pedals & Effects Guitar Wireless Systems Guitar Accessories Guitar Strings Guitar Deals News/Research quantization error in analog to digital conversion New Arrivals Shop By Brand Bass Bass Bass Guitars Bass Guitar Amps Bass Guitar Accessories Bass Guitar Pedals & Effects Bass Guitar Strings Guitar Wireless Systems Bass Deals News/Research New Arrivals Shop By Brand Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Workstations Synths/Modules Pianos MIDI Controllers Organs Portable/Arranger Keyboards Keyboard Amplifiers Keyboard Accessories Keyboard Deals News/Research New Arrivals Shop By Brand Drums Drums Acoustic Drum Kits Electronic Drum Kits Snare Drums Percussion Controllers Cymbals Percussion Drum Machines & Samplers Drum Stands Drum Pedals Drum Microphone Bundles Drum Accessories Drum Deals News/Research New Arrivals Shop By Brand Microphones & Wireless Microphones & Wireless Dynamic Microphones Condenser Microphones Wireless Systems Drum Microphone Bundles USB Microphones iPad/iPhone Microphones Ribbon Microphones Shotgun Microphones Microphone Accessories Live Sound & Lighting Live Sound & Lighting Mixers Microphones & Wireless PA Systems Power Amplifiers Live Sound Monitors Signal Processing Lighting Drum Shields Racks & Cases Essential Audio Tools Live Sound & Lighting Deals News/Research New Arrivals Shop By Brand DJ DJ DJ Controllers DJ Mixers
the original analog signal (green), the quantized signal (black dots), the signal reconstructed from the
What Is Quantization
quantized signal (yellow) and the difference between the original quantization example signal and the reconstructed signal (red). The difference between the original signal and the reconstructed
Signal To Quantization Noise Ratio
signal is the quantization error and, in this simple quantization scheme, is a deterministic function of the input signal. Quantization, in mathematics and digital http://www.sweetwater.com/insync/quantization-error/ signal processing, is the process of mapping a large set of input values to a (countable) smaller set. Rounding and truncation are typical examples of quantization processes. Quantization is involved to some degree in nearly all digital signal processing, as the process of representing a signal in digital form https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantization_(signal_processing) ordinarily involves rounding. Quantization also forms the core of essentially all lossy compression algorithms. The difference between an input value and its quantized value (such as round-off error) is referred to as quantization error. A device or algorithmic function that performs quantization is called a quantizer. An analog-to-digital converter is an example of a quantizer. Contents 1 Basic properties of quantization 2 Basic types of quantization 2.1 Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 2.2 Rate–distortion optimization 3 Rounding example 4 Mid-riser and mid-tread uniform quantizers 5 Dead-zone quantizers 6 Granular distortion and overload distortion 7 The additive noise model for quantization error 8 Quantization error models 9 Quantization noise model 10 Rate–distortion quantizer design 11 Neglecting the entropy constraint: Lloyd–Max quantization 12 Uniform quantization and the 6 dB/bit approximation 13 Other fields 14 See also 15 Notes 16 References 17 External links Basic properties of quantization[edit] Because quantization
that the computer or digital circuit can use in a process called quantization. The number of available values is determined by the http://www.indiana.edu/~emusic/etext/digital_audio/chapter5_quantize.shtml number of bits (0's and 1's) used for each sample, also called bit depth or bit resolution . Each additional bit doubles the number of values available (1-bit samples have 2 values, 2-bit samples have 4 values, etc.). When a sample is quantized, the instantaneous snapshot of its analog amplitude has to be rounded off to the nearest quantization error available digital value. This rounding-off process is called approximation. The smaller the number of bits used per sample, the greater the distances the analog values need to be rounded off to. The difference between the analog value and the digital value is called the approximation or quantizing error as shown in the illustration below. The greater the magnitude of quantization error in approximation errors, the greater the level of digital or quantizing noise produced. The solution to reducing digital noise is to use larger sample word sizes (greater bit depth), which therefore correspond to the dynamic range of the system, since it affects the signal-to-noise ratio. (For digital systems, this is often measured as SQNR, or signal-to-quantization-noise-ratio.) A general rule of thumb is an added 6 dB of dynamic range for every additional bit used per sample. The original CD standard proposed by Sony was for a 14-bit sample size, with a dynamic range of only 84 dB, but was changed to 16 bits before inception. Just as sample rate affects frequency response, sample size (i.e., bit depth) affects dynamic range, or the amplitude difference between the digital noise floor and the loudest possible sound before distortion. The CD/DAT standard of 16-bit samples, with their impressive 65,536 values for quantizing, provide the theoretical playback system optimum of a 96 dB dynamic range. 1 | 2 Modules 1. Overview 2. Binary Numbers 3. Sampling 4.