Packet Error Probability Calculation
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Discrete Probability We calculate the probability of an event occurring by counting the number of cases in which it occurs, and dividing by the total of all possible cases. For
Bit Error Rate Calculation
example, a probability of 0.8 (or, 80%) means that out of 10 bit error rate test cases, the event occurs in only 8. When events occur independently of each other, the probability of both bit error rate example events occurring in a single trial is just the product of their individual probabilities of occurring in that trial. For example, suppose a transmission requires 2 hops in a
Bit Error Rate Pdf
network where the probability of an error-free 1st hop is 0.7 and the probability of an error-free 2nd hop is 0.8. If we assume that errors at each hop are independent of each other (open to argument!), and since an error-free transmission requires both an error-free 1st hop and an error-free 2nd hop, then the probability of an error-free transmission
Bit Error Rate Vs Snr
is 0.8 × 0.7 = 0.56, the product of the individual probabilities. As another example, suppose that a pair of network nodes communicate with packets and that the 2 nodes are connected by 2 parallel communication lines, one with a probability of 0.2, and the other with a probability of 0.3, of a packet error during transmission. Supposing that, once again, errors occur independently, and that each packet is transmitted over both communication lines simultaneously. What is the probability of a packet being received correctly? There are 4 possible cases: (1) errors on both lines, (2) no errors on either line, (3) error on line 1 but not on line 2, and (4) no error on line 1, but an error on line 2. The cases of interest are (2), (3) and (4), in which one or both packets is received correctly. The simplest approach here is to calculate the probability of case (1), and then subtract it from 1 to obtain the total probability of the remaining cases of interest: 1 - 0.2 × 0.3 = 0
C.S0033 Tests Performed Using PER How is a PER Measurement Made? Packet Error Rate (PER) is used to test the performance of an access terminal's receiver. PER is the ratio, in percent, of the number of FTAP or FETAP Test bit error rate matlab Packets not successfully received by the access terminal (AT) to the number of FTAP
Acceptable Bit Error Rate
or FETAP Test Packets sent to the AT by the test set. See Forward Test Application Protocol (FTAP) , Multi-carrier Test Application error rate definition Protocol and Forward Enhanced Test Application Protocol (FETAP) . To perform a packet error rate measurement, the test set sends an FTAP (when current physical layer subtype is subtype 0) or FETAP Test Packet (when current http://doctord.dyndns.org/courses/Topics/Networks/Probability_and_Queuing/Probability_Review.html physical layer subtype is subtype 2) or FMCTAP Test Packet (when current physical layer subtype is subtype 3) to the access terminal. See Release A Physical Layer Subtype or Release B Physical Layer Subtype to configure the physical layer subtype. Each packet contains 16 FCS (Frame Check Sequence) bit, which provide information about the packet. If the AT is able to decode the packet and the FCS checks (the information relayed by the http://rfmw.em.keysight.com/rfcomms/refdocs/1xevdo/1xevdo_meas_cperror_desc.html FCS matches the packet characteristics), then the packet is successfully received. The AT sends one or more FTAP/FETAP/FMCTAP Loop Back Packets to the test set to indicate how many FTAP/FETAP/FMCTAP Test Packets were successfully received for each 16-slot "observation interval" (frame). The AT sends one Loop Back Packet (or more, if needed to convey all of the records) containing a record for each FTAP/FETAP/FMCTAP Test Packet in the observation interval. The Loop Back Packets are queued for transmission on the Reverse Traffic Channel, and the AT must provide buffering for at least 8 FTAP/FETAP/FMCTAP Loop Back Packets. An FTAP/FETAP/FMCTAP Loop Back Packet is generated even if no FTAP/FETAP/FMCTAP Test Packets were received during the 16-slot observation interval. In performing the PER measurement, the test set: always operates with 100% packet activity (see Fixed Settings ). 100% packet activity means that all slots contain Forward Traffic Channel or Control Channel packets (data). The test set fills any empty slots with filler data directed to a random AT other than the AT under test. (0% packet activity means that the source is pulsed off when there is no data to transmit in the slot, and then pulsed on to transmit the MAC and Pilot Channels. This is not supported by the test set.) always implements forced single encapsulation. Force
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