Frequency Rate Error
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What Is Frequency Error
ListRetrovirologyv.10; 2013PMC3599717 Retrovirology. 2013; 10: 18. Published online 2013 Feb 13. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-10-18PMCID: frequency of error in test PMC3599717Analysis of 454 sequencing error rate, error sources, and artifact recombination for detection of Low-frequency drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 DNAWei Shao,1 frequency error definition Valerie F Boltz,2 Jonathan E Spindler,2 Mary F Kearney,2 Frank Maldarelli,2 John W Mellors,3 Claudia Stewart,4 Natalia Volfovsky,1 Alexander Levitsky,1 Robert M Stephens,1 and John M Coffin2,51Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, SAIC Frederick, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, USA2HIV Drug
Ppm Error Calculator
Resistance Program, NCI, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, USA3Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA4LMT, SAIC Frederick, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA5Tufts University, Boston, MA, USACorresponding author.Wei Shao: vog.hin.liam@woahs; Valerie F Boltz: vog.hin.liam@vztlob; Jonathan E Spindler: vog.hin.liam@reldnipsj; Mary F Kearney: vog.hin.liam@myenraek; Frank Maldarelli: vog.hin.liam@illamf; John W Mellors: ude.ttip@1mwj; Claudia Stewart: vog.hin.liam@aidualctrawets; Natalia Volfovsky: vog.hin.liam@nyksvoflov; Alexander Levitsky: vog.hin.liam@aaykstivel; Robert M Stephens: vog.hin.liam@rsnehpets; John M Coffin: vog.hin.liam@rsnehpets Author information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►Received 2012 Jul 18; Accepted 2013 Feb 1.Copyright ©2013 Shao et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cite
across studies. However only fairly simple actions are used in the denominator. The Klemmer and Snyder study shows that much lower error rates are possible--in this case for people sampling frequency formula whose job consisted almost entirely of data entry. The error rate for more nyquist rate complex logic errors is about 5%, based primarily on data on other pages, especially the program development page. Study
Ppm Frequency Stability
Detail Error Rate Baddeley & Longman [1973] Entering mail codes. Errors after correction. Per mail code. 0.5% Chedru & Geschwind [1972] Grammatical errors per word 1.1% Dhillon [1986] Reading a gauge incorrectly. Per read. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3599717/ 0.5% Dremen and Berry [1995] Percentage error in security analysts' earnings forecasts for reporting earnings. 1980 / 1985 / 1990. That is, size of error rather than frequency of error. 30% 52% 65% Edmondson [1996] Errors per medication in hospital, based on data presented in the paper. Per dose. 1.6% Grudin [1983] Error rate per keystroke for six expert typists. Told not to correct errors, although some did. Per http://panko.shidler.hawaii.edu/HumanErr/Basic.htm keystroke. 1% Hotopf [1980] S sample (speech errors). Per word 0.2% Hotopf [1980] W sample (written exam). Per word 0.9% Hotopf [1980] 10 undergraduates write for 30 minutes, grammatical and spelling errors per word 1.6% Klemmer [1962] Keypunch machine operators, errors per character 0.02% to 0.06% Klemmer [1962] Bank machine operators, errors per check 0.03% Kukich [1992] Nonword spelling errors in uses of telecommunication devices for the deaf. 40,000 words (strings). Per string. 6% Mathias, MacKenzie & Buxton [1996] 10 touch typists averaging 58 words per minute. No error correction. In last session. Per keystroke. 4% Mattson & Baars [1992] Typing study with secretaries and clerks. Nonsense words. Per nonsense word. 7.4% Melchers & Harrington [1982] Students performing calculator tasks and table lookup tasks. Per multipart calculation. Per table lookup. Etc. 1%-2% Mitton [1987] Study of 170,016 errors in high-school essays, spelling errors. Per word. 2.4% Potter [1995] Errors in making entries in an aircraft flight management system. Per keystroke. Higher if heavy workload. 10.0% Rabbit [1990] Flash one of two letters on display screen. Subject hits one of two keys in response. After correction. Per choice. 0.6% Schoonard & Boies [1975] Line-oriented text editor. Error rate per word. Without correction / with error c
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