Percent Error If Theoretical Value Is 0
a more professional manner and also make your lab reports easier for the TAs to grade. Here we list many of the more common mistakes made in the writing of lab reports (and other technical literature as well). Remember this guiding principle: even though you as an engineer may understand thoroughly what you have done, this is of no practical value unless you can communicate that knowledge to others. Imagine that you are writing your report for a technically literate person who does not know what you did or why. Graphs A first major error is that many graphs do not present data effectively. In order to make an effective graph, you should follow some standard conventions: Use either linear or log scales on both x and y axes. Many students used arbitrary scales or simple labelled their data points on the x and y axes. Standard scales make it easier to interpret a graph. Nonstandard scales make data hard to decipher. Make your graphs at least 7.5 cm (three inches) tall and 10cm (four inches) wide to ensure clarity. Smaller graphs hide smaller variations in the data; computer-generated graphs are great but not necessary. Label all axes and traces. Also, do not put more than two traces on a graph unless you are trying to show a progression of data. If there are two traces or more on a graph, use different marks for the data points; i.e. x's for trace one, o's for trace two, etc. Use two or more colors for the traces if practical. Tables Another weakness in lab reports is the style of tables used. Use a vertical table (an independent variable column next to the dependent variable columns) whenever you have the numerical data available. Please do not use horizontal tables; they are very hard to read and thus do not present your data effectively. Use your ruler to organize your tables and make them easier to read. Error Analysis Writing: "...the measurements agree pretty well with the expected values..." does not mean a thing. It is important to do good error analysis. Usually, this should be done by calculating percent error: % error = 100 (Value obtained - Value expected) / (Value expected) The only exception to this is if the expected (theoretical) value is close to zero, so that the percent error goes to infinity. In such cases, use the absolute error: error = Value obtained - Value expected Calculations This should not be anything new, but we do expect you to show a certain amount of your work, including equations. It is a good habit at the very least. Also, if you show your work, we can tell you where you make your mistakes. C
here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this site About Us Learn more about Stack Overflow the company Business Learn more about hiring developers or posting ads with us Mathematics Questions Tags Users Badges Unanswered Ask Question _ Mathematics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for people studying math at any level and professionals in http://ecee.colorado.edu/ecen4634/labreports.htm related fields. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up Here's how it works: Anybody can ask a question Anybody can answer The best answers are voted up and rise to the top How to calculate relative error when true value is zero? up vote 10 down vote favorite 3 How do I calculate relative error http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/677852/how-to-calculate-relative-error-when-true-value-is-zero when the true value is zero? Say I have $x_{true} = 0$ and $x_{test}$. If I define relative error as: $\text{relative error} = \frac{x_{true}-x_{test}}{x_{true}}$ Then the relative error is always undefined. If instead I use the definition: $\text{relative error} = \frac{x_{true}-x_{test}}{x_{test}}$ Then the relative error is always 100%. Both methods seem useless. Is there another alternative? statistics share|cite|improve this question asked Feb 15 '14 at 22:41 okj 9511818 1 you need a maximum for that.. –Seyhmus Güngören Feb 15 '14 at 23:06 1 Simple and interesting question, indeed. Could you tell in which context you face this situation ? Depending on your answer, there are possible alternatives. –Claude Leibovici Feb 16 '14 at 6:24 1 @ClaudeLeibovici: I am doing a parameter estimation problem. I know the true parameter value ($x_{true}$), and I have simulation data from which I infer an estimate of the parameter ($x_{test}$). I want to quantify the error, and it seems that for my particular case relative error is more m
Life in the Universe Labs Foundational Labs Observational Labs Advanced Labs Origins of Life in the Universe Labs Introduction to http://astro.physics.uiowa.edu/ITU/glossary/percent-error-formula/ Color Imaging Properties of Exoplanets General Astronomy Telescopes Part 1: Using http://www.calculator.net/percent-error-calculator.html the Stars Tutorials Aligning and Animating Images Coordinates in MaxIm Fits Header Graphing in Maxim Image Calibration in Maxim Importing Images into MaxIm Importing Images into Rspec Measuring Magnitude in Maxim Observing with Rigel Photometry in Maxim Producing Color Images Stacking Images Using percent error SpectraSuite Software Using Tablet Applications Using the Rise and Set Calculator on Rigel Wavelength Calibration in Rspec Glossary Kepler's Third Law Significant Figures Percent Error Formula Small-Angle Formula Stellar Parallax Finder Chart Iowa Robotic Telescope Sidebar[Skip] Glossary Index Kepler's Third LawSignificant FiguresPercent Error FormulaSmall-Angle FormulaStellar ParallaxFinder Chart Percent Error Formula When you calculate results percent error if that are aiming for known values, the percent error formula is useful tool for determining the precision of your calculations. The formula is given by: The experimental value is your calculated value, and the theoretical value is your known value. A percentage very close to zero means you are very close to your targeted value, which is good. It is always necessary to understand the cause of the error, such as whether it is due to the imprecision of your equipment, your own estimations, or a mistake in your experiment.Example: The 17th century Danish astronomer, Ole Rømer, observed that the periods of the satellites of Jupiter would appear to fluctuate depending on the distance of Jupiter from Earth. The further away Jupiter was, the longer the satellites would take to appear from behind the planet. In 1676, he determined that this phenomenon was due to the fact that the speed of light was finite, and subsequently estimated its velocity to
| Scientific Calculator | Statistics Calculator In the real world, the data measured or used is normally different from the true value. The error comes from the measurement inaccuracy or the approximation used instead of the real data, for example use 3.14 instead of π. Normally people use absolute error, relative error, and percent error to represent such discrepancy: absolute error = |Vtrue - Vused| relative error = |(Vtrue - Vused)/Vtrue| (if Vtrue is not zero) percent error = |(Vtrue - Vused)/Vtrue| X 100 (if Vtrue is not zero) Where: Vtrue is the true value Vused is the value used The definitions above are based on the fact that the true values are known. In many situations, the true values are unknown. If so, people use the standard deviation to represent the error. Please check the standard deviation calculator. Math CalculatorsScientificFractionPercentageTimeTriangleVolumeNumber SequenceMore Math CalculatorsFinancial | Weight Loss | Math | Pregnancy | Other about us | sitemap © 2008 - 2016 calculator.net