Inappropriate Use Of Error Bars
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Staff Permissions & Licensing Advertise Contact Us SubmitSubmit a Manuscript Instructions for Authors Subscriptions You are herejcb Home » 2007 Archive » 9 April » 177 (1): 7 Feature Error bars in experimental biology Geoff Cumming, Fiona Fidler, David L. Vaux Geoff CummingFind this author on Google ScholarFind this author on
Error Bars In Experimental Biology
PubMedSearch for this author on this siteFiona FidlerFind this author on Google ScholarFind this author on PubMedSearch for this author on this siteDavid L. VauxFind this author on Google ScholarFind this author on PubMedSearch for this author on this site DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200611141 | Published April 9, 2007 ArticleFigures & DataInfoMetrics Abstract Error bars commonly appear in figures in publications, but experimental biologists are often unsure how they should be used and interpreted. In this article we illustrate some basic features of error bars and explain how they can help communicate data and assist correct interpretation. Error bars may show confidence intervals, standard errors, standard deviations, or other quantities. Different types of error bars give quite different information, and so figure legends must make clear what error bars represent. We suggest eight simple rules to assist with effective use and interpretation of error bars. What are error bars for? Journals that publish science—knowle
Health Search databasePMCAll DatabasesAssemblyBioProjectBioSampleBioSystemsBooksClinVarCloneConserved DomainsdbGaPdbVarESTGeneGenomeGEO DataSetsGEO ProfilesGSSGTRHomoloGeneMedGenMeSHNCBI Web SiteNLM CatalogNucleotideOMIMPMCPopSetProbeProteinProtein ClustersPubChem BioAssayPubChem CompoundPubChem SubstancePubMedPubMed HealthSNPSparcleSRAStructureTaxonomyToolKitToolKitAllToolKitBookToolKitBookghUniGeneSearch termSearch Advanced Journal list what does tem mean in biology Help Journal ListPLoS Onev.9(10); 2014PMC4212967 PLoS One. 2014; 9(10): e110364.
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Published online 2014 Oct 29. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110364PMCID: PMC4212967High Incorrect Use of the Standard Error of the how do conventional light microscopes work Mean (SEM) in Original Articles in Three Cardiovascular Journals Evaluated for 2012Marcel Wullschleger,1 Soheila Aghlmandi,2 Marcel Egger,1 and Marcel Zwahlen2,*Toru Hosoda, Editor1Department of Physiology, University http://jcb.rupress.org/content/177/1/7 of Bern, Bern, Switzerland2Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandTokai University, Japan* E-mail: hc.ebinu.mpsi@nelhawz Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Conceived and designed the experiments: MW SA MZ ME. Performed the experiments: MW SA MZ. Analyzed the data: MW SA MZ. Wrote the http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4212967/ paper: MW SA ME MZ.Author information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►Received 2013 Oct 29; Accepted 2014 Sep 22.Copyright notice This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.AbstractRationaleIn biomedical journals authors sometimes use the standard error of the mean (SEM) for data description, which has been called inappropriate or incorrect.ObjectiveTo assess the frequency of incorrect use of SEM in articles in three selected cardiovascular journals.Methods and ResultsAll original journal articles published in 2012 in Cardiovascular Research, Circulation: Heart Failure and Circulation Research were assessed by two assessors for inappropriate use of SEM when providing descriptive information of empirical data. We also assessed whether the authors state in the methods section that the SEM will b
Google+ LinkedIn Reddit Download Full-text PDF Error bars in experimental biologyArticle (PDF Available) in The Journal of Cell Biology 177(1):7-11 · May 2007 with 284 ReadsDOI: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6402954_Error_bars_in_experimental_biology_J_Cell_Biol 10.1083/jcb.200611141 · Source: PubMed1st Geoff Cumming2nd Fiona Fidler30.22 · University of Melbourne3rd David L VauxAbstractError bars commonly appear in figures in publications, but experimental biologists are often http://www.lrdc.pitt.edu/schunn/SSB/SSBpaper.html unsure how they should be used and interpreted. In this article we illustrate some basic features of error bars and explain how they can help communicate data error bars and assist correct interpretation. Error bars may show confidence intervals, standard errors, standard deviations, or other quantities. Different types of error bars give quite different information, and so figure legends must make clear what error bars represent. We suggest eight simple rules to assist with effective use and interpretation of error bars.Discover the world's range error bars research11+ million members100+ million publications100k+ research projectsJoin for free FiguresEnlargeEnlargeEnlargeEnlargeEnlarge+ 2 THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGYJCB: FEATURE© The Rockefeller University Press $15.00The Journal of Cell Biology, Vol. 177, No. 1, April 9, 2007 7–11http://www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.200611141JCB7Error bars commonly appear in fi gures in publications, but experimental biologists are often unsure how they should be used and interpreted. In this article we illustrate some basic features of error bars and explain how they can help communicate data and assist correct interpretation. Error bars may show confi dence intervals, standard errors, standard deviations, or other quantities. Different types of error bars give quite different information, and so fi gure legends must make clear what error bars represent. We suggest eight simple rules to assist with effective use and interpretation of error bars.What are error bars for?Journals that publish science—knowledge gained through repeated observation or experiment—don’t just present new conclusions, they also present evidence so readers can verify that the authors’ reasoning is correct. Figures
Schunn, LRDC 821, 3939 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 or by E-mail at: schunn@pitt.edu.Schunn, C. D. (1999). Statistical significance bars (SSB): A way to make graphs more interpretable. Unpublished manuscript. Abstract While line and bar graphs are a very common medium for presenting data in psychology, currently they rarely present information that the reader would like to know: which means are statistically significant from one another. I present a new kind of error bar, statistical significance bars (SSBs), that allows the reader to more directly and easily infer whether any two means in the graph are statistical significant from one another. This method works for both with and between subjects designs and is based directly upon standard statistical tests that the authors would normally use for pairwise means comparisons. Introduction Tables, line graphs, and bar graphs are a very common way of displaying data in the sciences, especially in psychology. Line graphs and bar graphs are thought to have an advantage over tables in that they make it easy for the reader to notice effects of variables-that is, they make salient the relative height of points or lines (Kosslyn, 1989; Loftus, 1993; Shah & Carpenter, 1995). However, simply knowing which points are above or below other points is not typically sufficient in determining the effects of variables. Because the researcher has typically gathered only a small subset of all possible data, there is a question of statistical significance: how certain are we that the true population means actually differ? Here again, line graphs and bar graphs have the potential of being more informative than tables. By adding the appropriate error bars to the graph, simple visual comparisons may be used to determine how likely it is that the differences b