Inode Error
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08 By Derek Posted in HowTo You try creating a file on a server and see this error message: No space left on device ...but you've got plenty of space: df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 10321208 3159012 6637908 33% / Who is how to free inodes in linux the invisible monster chewing up all of your space? Why, the inode monster of
Increase Inodes
course! What are inodes? An index node (or inode) contains metadata information (file size, file type, etc.) for a file system object (like how to reduce inode usage in linux a file or a directory). There is one inode per file system object. An inode doesn't store the file contents or the name: it simply points to a specific file or directory. The problem with inodes The du inodes total number of inodes and the space reserved for these inodes is set when the filesystem is first created. The inode limit can't be changed dynamically and every file system object must have an inode. While it's unusual to run out of inodes before actual disk space, you are more likely to have inode shortages if: You are creating lots of directories, symlinks, and small files. You created your ext3 filesystem with smaller block sizes.
What Is Inodes
The ext3 default block size is 4096 bytes. If you are using your filesystem for storing lots of very small files, you might create the filesystem with a block size of 1024 or 2048. This would let you use your disk space more efficiently, but raises the likelihood of running low on inodes. Your server is containerized (Docker, LXC, OpenVZ, etc). Containerized servers can often share the same filesystem as the host node. For stability and security purposes, the containers resources such as RAM, CPU and disk space and inodes are limited. In this situation the number of inodes allocated to your container is determined by the administrator of the host node. It is very common to run into into inode issues in containers with filesystems of this type. Viewing inode usage Use the -i flag to view inode usage: df -i Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 1310720 1310720 0 100% / You can view more detailed inode information with the following command: tune2fs -l /dev/xvda1 | grep -i inode Where are the small files? If you are using up all of your inode capacity, the next step is figuring out where all of those little files are. This is a bit of a manual process. The command below will output the number of files and directory from t
full /: create/symlink failed, no inodes free Warning: session_start(): open(/tmp/sess_XXXXXX, O_RDWR) failed: No space left on device The typical cause of such errors is rarely that the drive is full, but that the operating system is unable to contact the linux inode limit drive. In short, the disk (HDD, SSD, CF, etc) is dead or dying. In cases out of inodes when the drive is dying, the OS tries to write to the drive, and receives back an error code that there aren't any inodes
Inode Size
left. Typically other messages about the underlying problem are logged to the console but not passed back to PHP so they can be seen by the GUI. Usually those refer to things like g_vfs_done or other ATA errors http://blog.scoutapp.com/articles/2014/10/08/understanding-disk-inodes that definitively point the finger at the drive dying. In order to eliminate the possibility that the drive is actually full (perhaps a package went crazy eating up space), try to get to a shell from the console or ssh, and run the following command: : df -hi The output shows disk space usage for both capacity and inodes, using human-readable numbers. The System Information widget on the Dashboard on pfSense 2.2 shows the usage for all mounted https://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/Filesystem_Full_/_Out_of_Inode_Errors partitions. Earlier versions only showed usage for the root (/) slice. The following output is from an ALIX system running NanoBSD: Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity iused ifree%iused Mounted on /dev/ufs/pfsense1 442M 167M 239M 41% 6.3k 52k 11% / devfs 1.0k 1.0k 0B 100% 0 0 100% /dev /dev/ufs/cf 48M 1.7M 43M 4% 26 6.4k 0% /cf /dev/md0 48M 84k 44M 0% 56 6.6k 1% /tmp /dev/md1 77M 16M 54M 24% 133 10k 1% /var devfs 1.0k 1.0k 0B 100% 0 0 100% /var/dhcpd/dev Note that the devfs lines do NOT indicate an actual problem; The devfs filesystem is virtual and used for housing device nodes not for files. Of special concern on NanoBSD is the space on /var and /tmp, since they are RAM disks. Some things, such as an abnormally large DHCP leases file, can in fact fill up the /var memory disk and that is one way to encounter the problem. If the root (/) slice has space and inodes remaining, and so do /var and /tmp and so on, then the problem is most likely a failing disk. If disk space has been exhausted, find a way to free it up. This usually involves uninstalling or removing packages such as squid, or changing the settings so they use less space. If the disk is failing, swap it out as soon as possible. Often when the drive is fai
Start here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this site About Us Learn more http://serverfault.com/questions/594544/fsck-ext4-inode-error about Stack Overflow the company Business Learn more about hiring developers or posting ads with us Server Fault Questions Tags Users Badges Unanswered Ask Question _ Server Fault is a question and answer site for https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19455-01/805-7228/6j6q7uf0e/index.html system and network administrators. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up Here's how it works: Anybody can ask a question Anybody can answer The best answers are voted up and rise to the how to top fsck ext4 inode error up vote 0 down vote favorite Today while I was booting I got an error in an ext4 partition with some inodes. I just entered the root password and run fsck manually but I am a bit worried. fsck warned many times about some errors with inodes and asked me if I wanted to clear them one by one and I said yes but I am how to free wondering if I have incurred in data loss, how can i check it? Also the previous shutdown was normal and I have 60GB of free space so I don't know what could have caused it, any ideas? ext4 fsck inode data-loss share|improve this question asked May 12 '14 at 13:35 Javier 52 Did you run the fsck on the root partition while the OS was running? –MadHatter May 12 '14 at 13:35 No, it was in the /home partition. The OS was running, yes. –Javier May 13 '14 at 10:07 And the partition was mounted at the time of the fsck? –MadHatter May 13 '14 at 10:19 Well I got dropped to a shell(like emergency mode) and then tried when I tried to run fsck it told me that the partition was monted so I had to unmount it and run fsck. –Javier May 14 '14 at 23:05 OK, then you haven't made any of the usual errors - well done! Is this a virtual or physical machine? –MadHatter May 15 '14 at 14:41 | show 1 more comment 1 Answer 1 active oldest votes up vote 0 down vote accepted Sometimes you have to just shrug, and for
File System Checking at Boot TimeWhat fsck Checks and Tries to Repair This section describes what happens in the normal operation of a file system, what can go wrong, what problems fsck (the checking and repair utility) looks for, and how it corrects the inconsistencies it finds. Why Inconsistencies Might Occur Every working day hundreds of files might be created, modified, and removed. Each time a file is modified, the operating system performs a series of file system updates. These updates, when written to the disk reliably, yield a consistent file system. When a user program does an operation to change the file system, such as a write, the data to be written is first copied into an in-core buffer in the kernel. Normally, the disk update is handled asynchronously; the user process is allowed to proceed even though the data write might not happen until long after the write system call has returned. Thus at any given time, the file system, as it resides on the disk, lags behind the state of the file system represented by the in-core information. The disk information is updated to reflect the in-core information when the buffer is required for another use or when the kernel automatically runs the fsflush daemon (at 30-second intervals). If the system is halted without writing out the in-core information, the file system on the disk might be in an inconsistent state. A file system can develop inconsistencies in several ways. The most common causes are operator error and hardware failures. Problems might result from an unclean shutdown, if a system is shut down improperly, or when a mounted file system is taken offline improperly. To prevent unclean shutdowns, the current state of the file systems must be written to disk (that is, "synchronized") before halting the CPU, physically taking a disk pack out of a drive, or taking a disk offline. Inconsistencies can also result from defective hardware. Blocks can become damaged on a disk drive at any time, or a disk controller can stop functioning correctly. The UFS Components That Are Checked for Consistency This section describes the kinds of consistency checks that fsck applies to these UFS file system components: superblock, cylinder group blocks, inodes, indirect blocks, and data blocks. Superblock Checks The superblock stores summary information, which is the most commonly corrupted item in a UFS file system. Each change to