Human Error New York Cambridge University Press 1990
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Human Error James Reason Free Download
managementJames Reason11 Department of Psychology University of Manchester Manchester, England M13 9PL Correspondence to: Dr Reason ku.ca.nam.ysp@nosaerAuthor human error definition information ► Copyright and License information ►Copyright © Copyright 2000 BMJ publishing GroupSee "Let's talk about error" on page 356.See "Epidemiology of medical error" on page 390.This article has been cited by
Human Error James Reason 1990 Pdf
other articles in PMC.The problem of human error can be viewed in 2 ways: the person approach and the system approach. Each has its model of error causation, and each model gives rise to different philosophies of error management. Understanding these differences has important practical implications for coping with the ever-present risk of mishaps in clinical practice.PERSON APPROACHThe reason 1990 human error pdf long-standing and widespread tradition of the person approach focuses on the unsafe acts—errors and procedural violations—of people on the front line: nurses, physicians, surgeons, anesthetists, pharmacists, and the like. It views these unsafe acts as arising primarily from aberrant mental processes such as forgetfulness, inattention, poor motivation, carelessness, negligence, and recklessness. The associated countermeasures are directed mainly at reducing unwanted variability in human behavior.These methods include poster campaigns that appeal to people's fear, writing another procedure (or adding to existing ones), disciplinary measures, threat of litigation, retraining, naming, blaming, and shaming. Followers of these approaches tend to treat errors as moral issues, assuming that bad things happen to bad people—what psychologists have called the “just-world hypothesis.”1SYSTEM APPROACHThe basic premise in the system approach is that humans are fallible and errors are to be expected, even in the best organizations. Errors are seen as consequences rather than causes, having their origins not so much in the perversity of human nature as in “upstream” systemic factors. These include recurrent error traps
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Checkout View cart and checkout Continue shopping × Continue shopping × Include historic titles Search products a life in error Register Sign in Register Sign in Wishlist Unlocking potential with the best learning and research solutions Subjects AnthropologyArchaeologyArts, theatre and cultureAstronomyChemistryClassical studiesComputer scienceEarth and environmental https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1070929/ scienceEconomicsEducationEngineeringGeneral scienceGeographyHistoryLanguages and linguisticsLawLife sciencesLiteratureManagementMathematicsMedicineMusicPhilosophyPhysicsPolitics and international relationsPsychologyReligionSociologyStatistics and probabilityBrowse all subjects TextbooksReferenceAuthorsNewsConferencesBlogsContact Us Germany HomeAcademicPsychologyCognition Human Error £34.99 textbook Author: James Reason, University of Manchester Date Published: February 1991availability: Available format: Paperbackisbn: 9780521314190 Average user rating (1 review) Rate & review £34.99 Paperback Add to cart Add to wishlist http://www.cambridge.org/gb/knowledge/isbn/item1132717/?site_locale=en_GB Request inspection copy Lecturers may request a copy of this title for inspection Request × × Description Product filter button Description Contents Resources Courses About the Authors Human Error, published in 1991, is a major theoretical integration of several previously isolated literatures. Particularly important is the identification of cognitive processes common to a wide variety of error types. Technology has now reached a point where improved safety can only be achieved on the basis of a better understanding of human error mechanisms. In its treatment of major accidents, the book spans the disciplinary gulf between psychological theory and those concerned with maintaining the reliability of hazardous technologies. As such, it is essential reading not only for cognitive scientists and human factors specialists, but also for reliability engineers and risk managers. No existing book speaks with so much clarity to both the theorists and the practitioners of human reliability. Cus
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