Medication Error Iceberg
issue Rights & permissions Journal disclaimer SubmitInstructions to authors Online submission Self-archiving policy Referee information Open access options Subscribe AdvertiseCorporate services Advertising Reprints and ePrints Sponsored supplements Books and custom publishing EditorProfessor Seamas Donnelly. Impact factor2.8245 Year impact factor2.634 Published on behalf ofThe Association of Physicians. Medication errors: what they are, how they happen, and how to avoid them You have accessRestricted access J.K. Aronson DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcp052 513-521 First published online: 20 May 2009 ArticleFigures & dataInformation & metricsExplorePDF Abstract A medication error is a failure in the treatment process that leads to, or has the potential to lead to, harm to the patient. Medication errors can occur in deciding which medicine and dosage regimen to use (prescribing faults—irrational, inappropriate, and ineffective prescribing, underprescribing, overprescribing); writing the prescription (prescription errors); manufacturing the formulation (wrong strength, contaminants or adulterants, wrong or misleading packaging); dispensing the formulation (wrong drug, wrong formulation, wrong label); administering or taking the medicine (wrong dose, wrong route, wrong frequency, wrong duration); monitoring therapy (failing to alter therapy when required, erroneous alteration). They can be classified, using a psychological classification of errors, as knowledge-, rule-, action- and memory-based errors. Although medication errors can occasionally be serious, they are not commonly so and are often trivial. However, it is important to detect them, since system failures that result in minor errors can later lead to serious errors. Reporting of errors should be encouraged by creating a blame-free, non-punitive environment. Errors in prescribing include irrational, inappropriate, and ineffective prescribing, underprescribing and overprescribing (collectively called prescribing faults) and errors in writing the prescription (including illegibility). Avoiding medication errors is important in balanced prescribing, which is the use of a medicine that is appropriate to the patient's condition and, within the limits created by the uncertainty that attends therapeutic decisions, in a dosage regimen that optimizes the balance of benefit to harm. In balanc
LinkedIn Reddit Download Full-text PDF Medication Errors and Response Bias: The Tip of the IcebergArticle (PDF Available) in The Israel Medical Association journal: IMAJ 10(11):771-4 · December 2008 with 65 ReadsSource: PubMed1st Benjamin Bar-Oz37.77 · Hadassah Medical Center2nd Michael Goldman33.2 · Assaf Harofeh Medical Center+ 43rd Eliezer LahatLast Matitiahu Berkovitch41.29 · Ministry of Health (Israel)Show more authorsAbstractMedication errors are a common cause of morbidity and mortality. To evaluate the rate http://qjmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/102/8/513 of acknowledgment of medication errors as reported by physicians working in the community and in hospitals. An anonymous questionnaire was sent to 9320 active physicians (about 48% community physicians, 17% hospital physicians and 35% working in both places), with questions on the rate and type of medication errors that https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23651190_Medication_Errors_and_Response_Bias_The_Tip_of_the_Iceberg they had encountered during their professional career. The questions specified errors in dosage, type of medicine (wrong indication), route of administration and drug interactions. Only 627 physicians (6.7%) responded. Of these, nearly 79% admitted having made an error in prescribing medication; the majority admitted to more than one error. Physicians with fewer years of experience admitted having made a mistake more than did physicians with more experience (P = 0.019). Pediatricians and geriatricians made more dosage mistakes (P= 0.02), while family physicians and psychiatrists made more mistakes in drug interactions (P= 0.001). It is possible that indifference, fear of identification, or lack of awareness may have contributed to the low response rate despite the fact that the questionnaire was anonymous. Educational programs should be implemented in medical schools to encourage physicians to report errors before the onset of adverse reactions.Discover the world's research11+ million members100+ million publications100k
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