Ms Sql Transaction Rollback On Error
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resources Windows Server 2012 resources Programs MSDN subscriptions Overview Benefits Administrators Students Microsoft Imagine Microsoft Student Partners ISV Startups TechRewards Events Community Magazine Forums Blogs Channel 9 Documentation APIs and reference Dev centers Samples Retired content We’re sorry. The content you requested has been removed. You’ll be auto redirected in 1 second. Microsoft SQL Server Language Reference Transact-SQL Reference (Database Engine) Control-of-Flow Language http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1749719/sql-server-transactions-roll-back-on-error (Transact-SQL) Control-of-Flow Language (Transact-SQL) TRY...CATCH (Transact-SQL) TRY...CATCH (Transact-SQL) TRY...CATCH (Transact-SQL) BEGIN...END (Transact-SQL) BREAK (Transact-SQL) CONTINUE (Transact-SQL) ELSE (IF...ELSE) (Transact-SQL) END (BEGIN...END) (Transact-SQL) GOTO (Transact-SQL) IF...ELSE (Transact-SQL) RETURN (Transact-SQL) THROW (Transact-SQL) TRY...CATCH (Transact-SQL) WAITFOR (Transact-SQL) WHILE (Transact-SQL) TOC Collapse the table of content Expand the table of content This https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms175976.aspx documentation is archived and is not being maintained. This documentation is archived and is not being maintained. TRY...CATCH (Transact-SQL) Other Versions SQL Server 2012 THIS TOPIC APPLIES TO: SQL Server (starting with 2008)Azure SQL DatabaseAzure SQL Data Warehouse Parallel Data Warehouse Implements error handling for Transact-SQL that is similar to the exception handling in the Microsoft Visual C# and Microsoft Visual C++ languages. A group of Transact-SQL statements can be enclosed in a TRY block. If an error occurs in the TRY block, control is passed to another group of statements that is enclosed in a CATCH block. Transact-SQL Syntax ConventionsSyntax Copy -- Syntax for SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, Azure SQL Data Warehouse, Parallel Data Warehouse BEGIN TRY { sql_statement | statement_block } END TRY BEGIN CATCH [ { sql_statement | statement_block } ] END CATCH [ ; ]
This part is also available in a Spanish translation by Geovanny Hernandez. Introduction This article is the first in a series of three about error and transaction handling in http://www.sommarskog.se/error_handling/Part1.html SQL Server. The aim of this first article is to give you a jumpstart with error handling by showing you a basic pattern which is good for the main bulk of your code. This http://www.sqlservercurry.com/2011/01/rollback-transaction-in-sql-server.html part is written with the innocent and inexperienced reader in mind, why I am intentionally silent on many details. The purpose here is to tell you how without dwelling much on why. If ms sql you take my words for your truth, you may prefer to only read this part and save the other two for a later point in your career. On the other hand, if you question my guidelines, you certainly need to read the other two parts, where I go into much deeper detail exploring the very confusing world of error and transaction handling in SQL Server. Parts Two and ms sql transaction Three, as well as the three appendixes, are directed towards readers with a more general programming experience, although necessarily not with SQL Server. This first article is short; Parts Two and Three are considerably longer. Table of Contents Introduction Index of All Error-Handling Articles Why Error Handling? Essential Commands TRY-CATCH SET XACT_ABORT ON General Pattern for Error Handling Three Ways to Reraise the Error Using error_handler_sp Using ;THROW Using SqlEventLog Final Remarks End of Part One Revision History Index of All Error-Handling Articles Here follows a list of all articles in this series: Part One - Jumpstart Error Handling (this article). Part Two - Commands and Mechanisms. Part Three - Implementation. Appendix 1 - Linked Servers. (Extends Part Two.) Appendix 2 - CLR. (Extends both Parts Two and Three.) Appendix 3 - Service Broker. (Extends Part Three.) All the articles above are for SQL2005 and later. For those who still are on SQL2000, there are two older articles: Error Handling in SQL Server 2000 – a Background. Implementing Error Handling with Stored Procedures in SQL2000. Why Error Handling? Why do we have error handling in our code? There are many reasons. In a forms application we validate the user
will explore how to rollback nested transactions too.Consider this example, where we will first write a T-SQL code which commits the transaction and adds new record in a tableCREATE TABLE TT (num int)GOCREATE PROC SP1ASBEGIN TRYBEGIN TRANSACTIONINSERT INTO TT(num) VALUES (630)INSERT INTO TT(num) VALUES (890)COMMIT TRANSACTIONEND TRYBEGIN CATCHIF @@TRANCOUNT > 0 ROLLBACK TRANSACTION-- Error MessageDECLARE @Err nvarchar(1000)SET @Err = ERROR_MESSAGE()RAISERROR (@Err,16,1)END CATCHGOEXEC SP1Run the code shown above and query the tableSELECT * FROM TTYou should get the following output Let us now manually raise an error to see if it does a transaction rollback. Change the T-SQL Code as shown below to manually raise an error in the TRY block, which will cause an error and the transaction to rollback: On running this query, you get the following error Doing a SELECT * FROM TT still returns only two records, since the transaction was rollback and the new row never got inserted Points to Consider:You can set a savepoint/marker within a transaction using SAVE TRANSACTIONS. The savepoint defines a location in your code, to which a transaction can rollback if part of the transaction is conditionally canceledIf there are no savepoints defined, then in case of an error, a ROLLBACK TRANSACTION rolls back to the beginning of the transaction.You can find out if a transaction is still active using SELECT @@trancount. The @@trancount function is used to monitor the current status of a transaction. When @@trancount > 0, this means that the transaction is still open and in progress. That is why we check the value of @@trancount > 0 in the catch block to make sure it is open and we can roll back the transaction.The value of @@trancount is initially 0 to start with. When BEGIN TRANSACTION is executed, @@trancount gets incremented. When COMMIT TRANSACTION is executed, @@trancount gets decremented. When ROLLBACK TRANSACTION is executed, the transaction is canceled and @@trancount returns to 0.A transaction cannot be rolled back once the COMMIT TRANSACTION statement is executeRollback Nested Transactions You can have nested transactions in SQL Server. For example you can have a stored procedure with a BEGIN TRANSACTION statement, which invokes a stored procedure also containing a BEGIN TRANSACTION statement and so on. Now if an error occurs inside a child stored procedure, what happens to the parent transaction?Stay tuned for my next art