Linker Error Undefined Symbol In C
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Linker Error Undefined Symbol In Module
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Linker Error Undefined Symbol _printf In Module
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Undefined Symbol In Module C++
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Undefined Symbol Error In Turbo C
Join the Stack Overflow Community Stack Overflow is a community of 6.2 million programmers, just like you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up Linker error in C. http://www.codeproject.com/Questions/264025/Linker-error-in-c-program while using
View All Answers My Questions Articles Tutorial Tips, Tricks & Techniques News Database Support Community Forums Search Recent DiscussionsResourcesQuality PortalEvents CalendarEmbarcadero on YouTube Job BoardRegistered User DownloadsTrial Downloads Books Login Register HomeArticlesTips, Tricks & TechniquesPROGRAMMINGUnderstanding "Undefined http://community.embarcadero.com/article/technical-articles/162-programming/14926-understanding-undefined-symbol-error-messages Symbol" Error Messages. Understanding "Undefined Symbol" Error Messages. Written by Embarcadero USA. Posted in PROGRAMMING https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19120-01/open.solaris/819-0690/chapter2-9/index.html Technical Information Database TI688C.txt Understanding "Undefined Symbol" Error Messages. Category :General Platform :All Product :Borland C++ ALL Description: One of the most common error messages seen by developers using a C or C++ compiler is "undefined symbol." This document provides a general description of what causes undefined symbol error messages, as well as instructions on solving specific undefined linker error symbol errors. UNDEFINED SYMBOL AT COMPILE TIME An undefined symbol at compile time indicates that the named identifier was used in the named source file, but had no definition in the source file. This is usually caused by a misspelled identifier name, or missing declaration of the identifier used. EXAMPLE 1: int main(void) { test = 1; return 0; } The code shown for example one will cause an undefined symbol error message to linker error undefined be displayed because the variable "test" has not been declared in either a header file which has been included or in the actual code itself. EXAMPLE 2: int main(void) { int test; Test = 1; return 0; } The code shown for example one will cause an undefined symbol error message to be displayed because when the variable "test" was used it was misspelled. The misspelling was a capital 't' instead of a lower case 't'. EXAMPLE 3: int main(void) { int test; test = 1; return 0; } The code shown in example three has no errors and is an example of what must be done to resolve an undefined symbol error message. In the example here we simply made sure we have a definition for the integer test and that we spelled it the same at the time we used it. It's that simple! UNDEFINED SYMBOL AT LINK TIME When linking multi-file projects, the linker must resolve all references to functions and global variables shared between modules. When these references cannot be resolved, the linker generates an "undefined symbol" error message. This means that after searching all of the object files and libraries which are included in the link, the linker was unable to find a declaration for the identifier you were using. This can be
After all of the input files have been read and all symbol resolution is complete, the link-editor searches the internal symbol table for any symbol references that have not been bound to symbol definitions. These symbol references are referred to as undefined symbols. Undefined symbols can affect the link-edit process according to the type of symbol, together with the type of output file being generated. Generating an Executable Output File When generating an executable output file, the link-editor's default behavior is to terminate with an appropriate error message should any symbols remain undefined. A symbol remains undefined when a symbol reference in a relocatable object is never matched to a symbol definition. $ cat main.c extern int foo(); int main() { return (foo()); } $ cc -o prog main.c Undefined first referenced symbol in file foo main.o ld: fatal: Symbol referencing errors. No output written to prog Similarly, if a shared object is used to create a dynamic executable and leaves an unresolved symbol definition, an undefined symbol error results. $ cat foo.c extern int bar; int foo() { return (bar); } $ cc -o libfoo.so -G -K pic foo.c $ cc -o prog main.c -L. -lfoo Undefined first referenced symbol in file bar ./libfoo.so ld: fatal: Symbol referencing errors. No output written to prog To allow undefined symbols, as in the previous example, use the link-editor's -z nodefs option to suppress the default error condition. Note – Take care when using the -z nodefs option. If an unavailable symbol reference is required during the execution of a process, a fatal runtime relocation error occurs. This error might be detected during the initial execution and testing of an application. However, more complex execution paths can result in this error condition taking much longer to detect, which can be time consuming and costly. Symbols can also remain undefined when a symbol reference in a relocatable object is bound to a symbol definition in an implicitly defined shared object. For example, continuing with the files main.c and foo.c used in the previous example. $ cat bar.c int bar = 1; $ cc -o libbar.so -R. -G -K pic bar.c -L. -lfoo $ ldd libbar.so libfoo.so => ./libfoo.so $ cc -o prog main.c -L. -lbar Undefined first referenced symbol in file foo main.o (symbol belongs to implicit \ dependency ./libfoo.so) ld: fatal: Symbol referencing errors. No output written to prog prog is built with an exp