Fundamental Attribution Error Ross
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messages) This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (February 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this ross 1977 fundamental attribution error template message) This article relies too much on references to primary sources. Please improve this ross 1977 signaling model by adding secondary or tertiary sources. (February 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) (Learn how and when to fundamental attribution error examples remove this template message) In social psychology, the fundamental attribution error, also known as the correspondence bias or attribution effect, is the tendency for people to place an undue emphasis on internal characteristics of the agent fundamental attribution error definition (character or intention), rather than external factors, in explaining another person's behavior in a given situation. This contrasts with interpreting one's own behavior, where situational factors are more easily recognized and can be taken into account. Contents 1 Examples 2 Details 3 Classic demonstration study: Jones and Harris (1967) 4 Explanations 5 Cultural differences in the error 6 Versus correspondence bias 7 See also 7.1 Cognitive biases 8 References 9 Further reading 10
Ross, Amabile, And Steinmetz (1977)
External links Examples[edit] As a simple example, consider a situation where Alice, a driver, is about to pass through an intersection. Her light turns green and she begins to accelerate, but another car drives through the red light and crosses in front of her. The fundamental attribution error may lead her to think that the driver of the other car was an unskilled or reckless driver. This will be an error if the other driver had a good reason for running the light, such as rushing a patient to the hospital. If this is the case and Alice had been driving the other car, she would have understood that the situation called for speed at the cost of safety, but when seeing it from the outside she was inclined to believe that the behavior of the other driver reflected their fundamental nature (having poor driving skills or a reckless attitude). Another example relates to a slippery path: A traveler carefully walks down a sloped path in the rain. The traveler slips and falls. The traveler believes this is a slippery path. The traveler continues more carefully. At the bottom of the slope, the traveler rests while waiting for the rain to stop. The traveler sees another person carefully walking down the sloped path. The traveler sees that per
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Fundamental Attribution Error Quizlet
ultimate attribution error ross et al 1977 study Browse by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_attribution_error Subject   How to Subscribe Free Trials Sign in African American StudiesAfrican StudiesAmerican LiteratureAnthropologyArt HistoryAtlantic HistoryBiblical StudiesBritish and Irish LiteratureBuddhismChildhood StudiesChinese StudiesCinema and Media StudiesClassicsCommunicationCriminologyEcologyEducationEnvironmental ScienceEvolutionary BiologyGeographyHinduismInternational LawInternational RelationsIslamic StudiesJewish StudiesLatin American StudiesLatino StudiesLinguisticsManagementMedieval StudiesMilitary HistoryMusicPhilosophyPolitical SciencePsychologyPublic HealthRenaissance and ReformationSocial WorkSociologyVictorian LiteratureBrowse All SubjectsClose http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199828340/obo-9780199828340-0114.xml Login Username Password Forgotten your password? Library Card # Login with your Library Card » Login with Athens/Access Management Federation » Don't have an account? In This Article Fundamental Attribution Error/Correspondence Bias IntroductionGeneral OverviewsBackground ReferencesJournalsDispositionism Direct Critiques and Challenges Indirect Critiques and Challenges Paradigms that Investigate FAE/CB Attitude Attribution The Quiz Game The Silent Interview Moral Attribution Ability Attribution Theoretical Explanations of FAE/CB Inadequate Weight to Situations Perceiver Expectations Automatic Inferences Controlled Adjustment Moderators of FAE/CB Manipulations of Situational Factors Individual Differences Cultural Differences Applications Back to top Related Articles about About Related Articles close popup Attribution Theory Social Cognition Stereotypes Trait Perspective Other Subject Areas African American StudiesAfrican StudiesAmerican LiteratureAnthropologyArt HistoryAtlantic HistoryBiblical StudiesBritish and Irish LiteratureBuddhismChildhood StudiesChinese StudiesCinema and Media StudiesClassicsCommunicationCriminologyEco
< > Personal attribution Situational attribution (Internal attribution) (External attribution) The better we know someone, the more likely we are to http://homepages.rpi.edu/~verwyc/oh3.htm attribute behavior to the situation. The more examples of a person’s http://psychologicalresources.blogspot.com/2011/02/fundamental-attribution-error.html behavior across a wide variety of situations we have seen, the more likely we are to take context into consideration in making attributions. In a marriage, those who are able to make external attributions of spouses negative behaviors are more likely to be attribution error happy with their marriage. Misatributions can have serious consequences Men whose misatrribute a female’s friendliness as sexual interest can lead to behavior which the women regard as sexual harassment (Johnson et al 1991, Saal et al 1989). Sexually Aggressive men are especially likely to misinterpret friendly behavior (Malamouth & Brown, 1994) Is this fundamental attribution error part of Bill Clinton’s problems ? Attribution Theory Analyzes how we explain peoples behavior We often infer a correspondence between actions and internal states Common sense attributions have three major parts: Consistency --- Does person usually behave this way in this situation? Distinctiveness -- Does person behave differently in different situations? Consensus -- Do others behave similarly in this situation ? To the extent we answer "Yes" to the questions concerned with distinctiveness and consensus, we are likely to make an External Attribution, that the person is behaving in a particular way due to the situation. Information Integration -- When we here a set of facts or traits associated with an individual, we weight them according to their perceived importance. Additionally, we may put more weight on the first piece of information given to us. (Primacy effect) We may put greater weight on negative information, especially if there is only one or two pieces
or external factors, and to overestimate the role of dispositional or internal factors, in assessing behaviour. The earliest demonstration of the FAE was an experiment by Jones and Harris (1967), in which American college students were presented with another student's written essay that was either for or against the Castro government in Cuba. Half the participants were told that the essay writer had freely chosen whether to write a ‘pro' or ‘anti' Castro essay (choice condition), and the other half were told that the essay writer was told which position to take (no-choice condition). After reading the essay, participants were asked what the essay writer's ‘true' attitude was towards Castro's Cuba. The participants tended to view the writer's attitude as consistent with the views expressed in the essay, regardless of the choice/no-choice condition. While they didn't totally disregard that the no-choice writers had been told what position to take, they viewed this as less important than their attitudinal disposition. In other words, they underestimated the impact of the no-choice condition. In another classic study, Ross, Amabile and Steinmetz (1977) randomly assigned pairs of participants in a quiz game to act as contestant and questioner. Questionerswere instructed to set ten difficult general knowledge questions of their own choosing. Despite the relative situational advantage of the questioners, both the contestants and observers of the quiz game rated the questioners as significantly more knowledgeable than the contestants. Heider put forward a largely cognitive explanation for theFAE. He suggested that behaviour has such salient propertiesthat it tends to dominate our perceptions. In other words, what we notice most in (a) behaviour and (b) communication is (c) the person who is central to both. People are dynamic a