Memory Stack Error
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may consist of a limited amount of address space, often determined at the start of the program. The size of the call stack depends on many factors,
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including the programming language, machine architecture, multi-threading, and amount of available memory. stack overflow in c When a program attempts to use more space than is available on the call stack (that is, when
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it attempts to access memory beyond the call stack's bounds, which is essentially a buffer overflow), the stack is said to overflow, typically resulting in a program crash.[1] Contents 1 Infinite stack overflow c++ recursion 2 Very deep recursion 3 Very large stack variables 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Infinite recursion[edit] Main article: Infinite recursion The most common cause of stack overflow is excessively deep or infinite recursion, in which a function calls itself so many times that the space needed to store the variables and information associated with each call is more stack overflow c# than can fit on the stack.[2] An example of infinite recursion in C. int foo() { return foo(); } The function foo, when it is invoked, continues to invoke itself, allocating additional space on the stack each time, until the stack overflows resulting in a segmentation fault.[2] However, some compilers implement tail-call optimization, allowing infinite recursion of a specific sort—tail recursion—to occur without stack overflow. This works because tail-recursion calls do not take up additional stack space.[3] C compiler options will effectively enable tail-call optimization; compiling the above simple program using gcc with -O1 will result in a segmentation fault, but not when using -O2 or -O3, since these optimization levels imply the -foptimize-sibling-calls compiler option. Other languages, such as Scheme, require all implementations to include tail-recursion as part of the language standard.[4] Very deep recursion[edit] A recursive function that terminates in theory but causes a call stack buffer overflow in practice can be fixed by transforming the recursion into a loop and storing the function arguments in a stack. This is always possible, because the class of primitive recursive functions is equiva
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a community of 6.2 million programmers, just like you, helping each other. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up What actually causes a Stack Overflow error? [duplicate] up vote 205 down vote https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_overflow favorite 37 This question already has an answer here: What is a StackOverflowError? 11 answers I've looked everywhere and can't find a solid answer. According to the documentation, Java throws a java.lang.StackOverflowError error under the following circumstance: Thrown when a stack overflow occurs because an application recurses too deeply. But this raises two questions: Aren't there other ways for a stack overflow to occur, not only through recursion? Does the http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22182669/what-actually-causes-a-stack-overflow-error StackOverflowError happen before the JVM actually overflows the stack or after? To elaborate on the second question: When Java throws the StackOverflowError, can you safely assume that the stack did not write into the heap? If you shrink the size of the stack or heap in a try/catch on a function that throws a stack overflow, can you continue working? Is this documented anywhere? Answers I am not looking for: A StackOverflow happens because of bad recursion. A StackOverflow happens when the heap meets the stack. java jvm stack-overflow share|improve this question edited Mar 4 '14 at 21:54 hichris123 6,551113257 asked Mar 4 '14 at 20:46 retrohacker 1,66731025 marked as duplicate by Jarrod Robersonjava Users with the java badge can single-handedly close java questions as duplicates and reopen them as needed. Dec 28 '15 at 21:24 This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question. 96 +1 for the "answers I am not looking for" section :-) –Leo Mar 4 '14 at 20:47 1 The default stack size is quite large, AFAIK 8 MB on Linux. That makes it unlikely to produce a stack overflow without recursion. –nosid Mar 4
Practice Problems Quizzes Resources Source Code Source Code Snippets C and C++ Tips Finding a Job References Function Reference Syntax Reference Programming FAQ Getting Help Message Board Email About Us How to Avoid, Find (and Fix) Memory http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/memory_debugging_parallel_inspector.html Errors in your C/C++ Code By Naveen GvNaveen Gv is a Technical Consulting Engineer in the Performance Library Lab at Intel Corporation. Memory errors occur very commonly in C and C++ applications, and they can affect application stability and correctness. These errors are due to programming bugs. They can be hard to reproduce, hard to debug, and potentially expensive to correct as well. Applications that have memory errors can experience major stack overflow problems. For example, memory leaks can cause an application to run out of memory resulting in the termination of the application, gracefully or otherwise. This article helps understand challenging memory errors in serial/multithreaded applications and provides help on how to use tools to find the errors. Memory errors can be broadly classified into Heap Memory Errors and Stack Memory Errors. Some of the challenging memory errors are: Invalid Memory Access in stack overflow in heap and stack Memory leak Mismatched Allocation/Deallocation Missing Allocation Uninitialized Memory Access in heap and stack Cross Stack Access Invalid Memory Access This error occurs when a read or write instruction references unallocated or deallocated memory. char *pStr = (char*) malloc(25); free(pStr); strcpy(pStr, .parallel programming.); // Invalid write to deallocated memory in heap Memory leaks Memory leaks occur when memory is allocated but not released. If such leaks happen often enough and frequently enough, the leaks will eventually cause the application to run out of memory resulting in a premature termination (gracefully or as a crash). char *pStr = (char*) malloc(512); return; Mismatched Allocation/Deallocation This error occurs when a deallocation is attempted with a function that is not the logical counterpart of the allocation function used. char *s = (char*) malloc(5); delete s; To avoid mismatched allocation/deallocation, ensure that the right deallocator is called. In C++, new[] is used for memory allocation and delete[] for freeing up. In C, malloc(), calloc() and realloc() functions are used for allocating memory while the free() function is used for freeing up allocated memory. Similarly, there are APIs in Windows programming to allocate and free memory. Missing allocation This error occurs when freeing memory which has already been freed. This is also called "repeated free
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