A Measurement Of Refractive Error Is
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A Defective Curvature On The Cornea Or Lens Is
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Measurement Of Refractive Index
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Refractive Error In Children
remote, continuous and binocular measurement system of oculomotor functionO A Hunt, J S Wolffsohn, and B GilmartinNeurosciences Research Institute, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/wilmer/services/lasik/faqs.html University, Birmingham, UKCorrespondence to: Dr J S Wolffsohn School of Life and Health Sciences, Optometry, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; ku.ca.notsa@nhosfflow.w.s.jAuthor information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►Accepted 2003 Mar 17.Copyright © Copyright 2003 British Journal of OphthalmologyThis article has been cited by other articles in http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1920585/ PMC.AbstractBackground/aim: The technique of photoretinoscopy is unique in being able to measure the dynamics of the oculomotor system (ocular accommodation, vergence, and pupil size) remotely (working distance typically 1 metre) and objectively in both eyes simultaneously. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically the measurement of refractive error by a recent commercial photoretinoscopic device, the PowerRefractor (PlusOptiX, Germany).Method: The validity and repeatability of the PowerRefractor was compared to: subjective (non-cycloplegic) refraction on 100 adult subjects (mean age 23.8 (SD 5.7) years) and objective autorefraction (Shin-Nippon SRW-5000, Japan) on 150 subjects (20.1 (4.2) years). Repeatability was assessed by examining the differences between autorefractor readings taken from each eye and by re-measuring the objective prescription of 100 eyes at a subsequent session.Results: On average the PowerRefractor prescription was not significantly different from the subjective refraction, although quite variable (difference +0.05 (0.63) D, p = 0.41) and more negative than the SRW-5000 prescription (by −0.20 (0.72
Degeneration (AMD)CataractsDiabetes and Diabetic RetinopathyGlaucomaRetinitis PigmentosaGuide to Eye ConditionsGlossary of Vision-Related TerminologyEmotional SupportPersonal StoriesHandling the NewsHelp Others Understand Your Vision ProblemsCoping with Vision LossFor Family and FriendsSupport Groups and Other ResourcesWorking with People New to Visual ImpairmentEveryday LivingEssential SkillsHelpful Products and TechnologyHome Modification Recreation and LeisureHome RepairsTransportationVisionAware VideosWorking LifeTalking to Your EmployerKnow Your RightsTraining ResourcesWorkplace TechnologyCareerConnect StoriesWorking as a Senior with Vision LossFor SeniorsAge-Related Vision Loss Life Changes Health and AgingRetirement LivingContinuing to Work as a Senior with Vision LossGet ConnectedAbout VisionAwareJoin the CommunityCalendar of EventsMessage BoardsBlogNewsletterAnnouncementsPeer AdvisorsHomeYour Eye ConditionGuide to Eye ConditionsRefractive Error and AstigmatismRefractive Error and AstigmatismBy Mrinali Patel Gupta, M.D. What Is Refractive Error? The power of your eye to focus and see an image clearly is dependent on several structures within the eye: The cornea is a transparent dome-shaped tissue that forms the front part of the eye. It functions as a window and allows light to enter the eye. It also begins the process of focusing light rays that allow you to see words and images clearly. The lens is composed of transparent, flexible tissue, located directly behind the iris and the pupil. It is the second part of the eye, after the cornea, which helps to focus light and images on the retina. Because the lens is flexible and elastic, it can change its curved shape to focus on objects and people that are either nearby or at a distance. In order to see as clearly as possible, images must be focused by the cornea and lens directly