Error Of Refraction In Children
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Asked Questions Español Condiciones Chinese Conditions Refractive Errors in Children En Español Read in Chinese How does the eye focus light? In order to see clearly, light rays from an object must focus onto the inner back layer of the refractive error in child eye [See figure 1]. The eye works like a camera. It has an opening refractive error in children ppt at the front (the pupil), a focusing mechanism (the cornea and crystalline lens), and a light-sensing portion at the back (the expected refractive error by age retina). If light rays are not focused on the retina, a refractive error is present. The refractive errors are: myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism [See figures 2 and 3]. http://www.aao.org/eye-health/tips-prevention/children-refractive-errors What is hyperopia (farsightedness)? Hyperopia occurs when light rays focus behind the retina (because the eye is either too short or has too little focusing power) and causes near and distant objects to appear blurry. The signs and symptoms of farsightedness are more severe the closer the object of regard. Some hyperopia is normal in childhood and correction is typically not required. Children can compensate for this on https://www.aapos.org/terms/conditions/91 their own using their natural focusingmechanism (accommodation). A large amount of hyperopia may require correction with converging or plus (+) power glasses, particularly when associated with crossed eyes (accommodative esotropia). Hyperopia usually increases in early childhood and then decreases during preteen to early teenage years. Contact lenses and laser surgery are alternatives to spectacles at the appropriate age. What is myopia (nearsightedness)? Myopia occurs when light rays focus in front of the retina because the eye is too long or has excessive focusing power. Objects in the distance appear blurry and as they get closer to the eye, are seen more clearly. This condition may be inherited or associated with premature birth and can occur at any age. The prevalence of myopia is low in US children under the age of eight, but much higher in Asian countries. Diverging or minus (-) power glasses focus the light rays on the retina and improve vision. Myopia usually progresses yearly and stabilizes by the late teens to early twenties. There is currently no widely accepted treatment to stop progression. Some recent epidemiological data suggests that more time spent outdoors was associated with less myopic progression. There is no specific evidence that excessive use of computers or handheld devices increases nearsightedness. Contact lense
ServicesAbout UsPatients & VisitorsFor Health ProfessionalsSearch TermCANCELView More ResultsLoading.../nutch_noindex Refractive Errors in Children What is normal vision? In order to better understand how certain problems can affect your child's vision, it http://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=refractive-errors-in-children-90-P02098 is important to understand how normal vision occurs. For children with normal vision, the following sequence takes place: Click Image to Enlarge Light enters the eye through the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. From the cornea, the light passes through the pupil. The amount refractive error of light passing through is regulated by the iris, or the colored part of your eye. From there, the light then hits the lens, the transparent structure inside the eye that focuses light rays onto the retina. Next, it passes through the vitreous humor, the clear, jelly-like substance that fills the error of refraction center of the eye and helps to keep the eye round in shape. Finally, it reaches the retina, the light-sensitive nerve layer that lines the back of the eye, where the image appears inverted. The optic nerve carries signals of light, dark, and colors to the area of the brain (the visual cortex), which assembles the signals into images (our vision). What are refractive errors? The following are the most common refractive errors, all of which affect vision and may require corrective lenses for correction or improvement: Astigmatism. Astigmatism is a condition in which an abnormal curvature of the cornea can cause two focal points to fall in two different locations--making objects up close and at a distance appear blurry. Astigmatisms may cause eye strain and may be combined with nearsightedness or farsightedness. Astigmatism can start in childhood or in adulthood. Some symptoms include headache, eye strain, and/or fatigue. Eye rubbing