Hyperopic Refractive Error
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Refractive Error In Children
Breadcrumbs Home Patient Care Eye Conditions Refractive Errors Refractive Errors Reviewed by Jill E. Bixler, M.D. On
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this page: What Is a Refractive Error? Symptoms Causes Risk Factors Tests and Diagnosis Treatment and Drugs Clinic Information What Is a Refractive Error? Refractive error
Refractive Error Correction
means that the shape of your eye does not bend light correctly, resulting in a blurred image. The main types of refractive errors are myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), presbyopia (loss of near vision with age), and astigmatism. Symptoms Blurred vision Difficulty reading or seeing up close Crossing of the eyes in children (esotropia) Causes refractive error ppt Overuse of the eyes does not cause or worsen refractive error. The causes of the main types of refractive error are described below: Myopia(close objects are clear, and distant objects are blurry) Also known as nearsightedness, myopia is usually inherited and often discovered in childhood. Myopia often progresses throughout the teenage years when the body is growing rapidly. Watch a video explaining myopia. Hyperopia (close objects are more blurry than distant objects) Also known as farsightedness, hyperopia can also be inherited. Children often have hyperopia, which may lessen in adulthood. In mild hyperopia, distance vision is clear while near vision is blurry. In more advanced hyperopia, vision can be blurred at all distances. Watch a video explaining hyperopia. Presbyopia (aging of the lens in the eye) After age 40, the lens of the eye becomes more rigid and does not flex as easily. As a result, the eye loses its focusing ability and it becomes more difficult to read a
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367.0-367.2-367.9 DiseasesDB 29645 MeSH D012030 [edit on Wikidata] Refractive error, also known as refraction error, is a problem with focusing of light on the retina due to the shape of the eye.[1] The most common types of refractive error https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_error are near-sightedness, far-sightedness, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Near-sightedness results in far objects being blurry, far-sightedness result in close objects being blurry, astigmatism causes objects to appear stretched out or blurry, and presbyopia results in a poor ability to focus on close objects. Other symptoms may include double vision, headaches, and eye strain.[1] Near-sightedness is due to the length of the eyeball being too long, far-sightedness the eyeball too short, refractive error astigmatism the cornea being the wrong shape, and presbyopia aging of the lens of the eye such that it cannot change shape sufficiently. Some refractive errors are inherited from a person's parents. Diagnosis is by eye examination.[1] Refractive errors are corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or surgery. Eyeglasses are the easiest and safest method of correction. Contact lenses can provide a wider field of vision; however are associated hyperopic refractive error with a risk of infection. Refractive surgery permanently changes the shape of the cornea.[1] The number of people globally with refractive errors has been estimated at one to two billion. Rates vary between regions of the world with about 25% of Europeans and 80% of Asians affected.[2] Near-sightedness is the most common disorder.[3] Rates among adults are between 15-49% while rates among children are between 1.2-42%.[4] Far-sightedness more commonly affects young child and the elderly.[5][6] Presbyopia affects most people over the age of 35.[1] The number of people with refractive errors that have not been corrected was estimated at 660 million (10 per 100 people) in 2013.[7] Of these 9.5 million were blind due to the refractive error.[7] It is one of the most common causes of vision loss along with cataracts, macular degeneration, and vitamin A deficiency.[8] Contents 1 Classification 2 Risk factors 2.1 Genetics 2.2 Environmental 3 Diagnosis 4 Management 5 Epidemiology 6 References 7 External links Classification[edit] An eye that has no refractive error when viewing distant objects is said to have emmetropia or be emmetropic meaning the eye is in a state in which it can focus parallel rays of light (light from distant objects) on the retina